ubuntu设置默认gcc版本

ubuntu设置默认gcc版本

想看精简版的直接看大佬的这篇，本文在这篇命令基础上贴了每一步的操作，可和我的截图对比步骤： blog.csdn.net/uniqueyyc/a…

先查看下update-alternatives config：发现暂时未添加任何gcc软链接

test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config gcc                  
update-alternatives: error: no alternatives for gcc

查看已安装的gcc版本：4.7和9

test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ dpkg -l | grep gcc
ii  gcc                                                         4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2                                            amd64        GNU C compiler
ii  gcc-10-base:amd64                                           10.2.0-5ubuntu1~20.04                                       amd64        GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
ii  gcc-10-base:i386                                            10.2.0-5ubuntu1~20.04                                       i386         GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
ii  gcc-4.7                                                     4.7.3-12ubuntu1                                             amd64        GNU C compiler
ii  gcc-4.7-base:amd64                                          4.7.3-12ubuntu1                                             amd64        GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
ii  gcc-9                                                       9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04                                       amd64        GNU C compiler
ii  gcc-9-base:amd64                                            9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04                                       amd64        GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
ii  gcc-9-multilib                                              9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04                                       amd64        GNU C compiler (multilib support)
ii ... ... ... ...
test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ 

将4.7添加软链，会提示你当前只有一个gcc选项。

test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.7 30 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.7
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/gcc-4.7 to provide /usr/bin/gcc (gcc) in auto mode
test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
There is only one alternative in link group gcc (providing /usr/bin/gcc): /usr/bin/gcc-4.7
Nothing to configure.

将9也添加软链。如果–install指令里的数越大，则优先级越高。4.7的级别30大于9的级别20，故而查看config可见当前默认使用gcc-4.7。

test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-9 20 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-9
test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
There are 2 choices for the alternative gcc (providing /usr/bin/gcc).

  Selection    Path              Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/bin/gcc-4.7   30        auto mode
  1            /usr/bin/gcc-4.7   30        manual mode
  2            /usr/bin/gcc-9     20        manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 1

如果在config里，输入选项2，则会将系统默认调用的gcc版本定为9。故而有这两种设置gcc调用优先级的方法。

test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
There are 2 choices for the alternative gcc (providing /usr/bin/gcc).

  Selection    Path              Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/bin/gcc-4.7   30        auto mode
* 1            /usr/bin/gcc-4.7   30        manual mode
  2            /usr/bin/gcc-9     20        manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 2
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/gcc-9 to provide /usr/bin/gcc (gcc) in manual mode
test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
There are 2 choices for the alternative gcc (providing /usr/bin/gcc).

  Selection    Path              Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/bin/gcc-4.7   30        auto mode
  1            /usr/bin/gcc-4.7   30        manual mode
* 2            /usr/bin/gcc-9     20        manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 1
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/gcc-4.7 to provide /usr/bin/gcc (gcc) in manual mode
test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ 

删除软链接：

test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --remove gcc /usr/bin/gcc-9 
test@test-Vostro-3268:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
There is 1 choice for the alternative gcc (providing /usr/bin/gcc).

  Selection    Path              Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/bin/gcc-4.7   30        auto mode
* 1            /usr/bin/gcc-4.7   30        manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 0