工具类
引入依赖包
<dependency>
<groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
<artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
<version>3.10.3</version>
</dependency>
工具类
package com.gallant.test;
import com.auth0.jwt.JWT;
import com.auth0.jwt.JWTVerifier;
import com.auth0.jwt.algorithms.Algorithm;
import com.auth0.jwt.interfaces.DecodedJWT;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/** * jwt * * @author : 会灰翔的灰机 * @date : 2021/1/28 */
public class JwtUtil {
private static final String MY_SALT = "mySalt";
/** * 加密数据 * @return 密文 */
public static String jwtCreate() {
// 私钥和加密算法
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(MY_SALT);
Map<String, Object> header = new HashMap<>(2);
header.put("Type", "Jwt");
header.put("alg", "HS256");
return JWT.create()
// 添加头部
.withHeader(header)
.withClaim("dataKey1","my data1")
.withClaim("dataKey2", "my data2")
// 设置过期时间
.withExpiresAt(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 5000))
// 设置发布时间
.withIssuedAt(new Date())
// 设置签名 密钥
.sign(algorithm);
}
public static String getData(String token, String key) {
try {
// 私钥和加密算法
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(MY_SALT);
JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm).build();
// 验证签名
DecodedJWT jwt = verifier.verify(token);
return jwt.getClaim(key).asString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
String token = JwtUtil.jwtCreate();
System.out.println("token:" + token);
System.out.println("dataKey1:" + getData(token, "dataKey1"));
Thread.sleep(6000);
System.out.println("dataKey1:" + getData(token, "dataKey1"));
}
}
执行结果
token:eyJUeXBlIjoiSnd0IiwidHlwIjoiSldUIiwiYWxnIjoiSFMyNTYifQ.eyJkYXRhS2V5MSI6Im15IGRhdGExIiwiZGF0YUtleTIiOiJteSBkYXRhMiIsImV4cCI6MTYxMTgyMzU3NCwiaWF0IjoxNjExODIzNTY5fQ.JVt8F03WOTBXBH-d003dGXBkqEHlOHHvMLICDGxwETM
dataKey1:my data1
com.auth0.jwt.exceptions.TokenExpiredException: The Token has expired on Thu Jan 28 16:46:14 CST 2021.
at com.auth0.jwt.JWTVerifier.assertDateIsFuture(JWTVerifier.java:379)
at com.auth0.jwt.JWTVerifier.assertValidDateClaim(JWTVerifier.java:370)
at com.auth0.jwt.JWTVerifier.verifyClaims(JWTVerifier.java:295)
at com.auth0.jwt.JWTVerifier.verify(JWTVerifier.java:278)
at com.auth0.jwt.JWTVerifier.verify(JWTVerifier.java:261)
at com.gallant.test.JwtUtil.getData(JwtUtil.java:50)
at com.gallant.test.JwtUtil.main(JwtUtil.java:63)
dataKey1:null
Http对接
import com.auth0.jwt.JWT;
import com.auth0.jwt.algorithms.Algorithm;
import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestClientException;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
public class MyHttpClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
MultiValueMap<String, String> headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.add("Content-Type", "application/json");
headers.add("Authorization", "Bearer " + jwtCreate());
HttpClient hc = HttpClientBuilder.create()
.useSystemProperties()
.setConnectionTimeToLive(3000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
.evictExpiredConnections()
.build();
HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpRequestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(hc);
httpRequestFactory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(3000);
httpRequestFactory.setConnectTimeout(3000);
httpRequestFactory.setReadTimeout(3000);
Map<String, String> body = Maps.newHashMap();
body.put("appId", "myApp");
HttpEntity<Object> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(body, headers);
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(httpRequestFactory);
ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange( "myUri", HttpMethod.POST,
httpEntity, String.class);
System.out.printf("responseEntity %s%n", responseEntity);
}
/** * 加密数据 * @return 密文 */
public static String jwtCreate() {
// 私钥和加密算法
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256("mySecret");
Map<String, Object> header = new HashMap<>(2);
header.put("Type", "JWT");
header.put("alg", "HS256");
return JWT.create()
// 添加头部
.withHeader(header)
.withClaim("iss","jack")
// 设置过期时间
.withExpiresAt(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 60000))
// 设置发布时间
.withIssuedAt(new Date())
// 设置签名 密钥
.sign(algorithm);
}
}
插曲
401 Unauthorized
- Authorization header未加前缀”Bearer “,前缀依赖于你的认证机制,例如基于Basic Authentication的前缀是:”Basic “
Exception in thread “main” org.springframework.web.client.HttpClientErrorException$Unauthorized: 401 Unauthorized
at org.springframework.web.client.HttpClientErrorException.create(HttpClientErrorException.java:81)
at org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler.handleError(DefaultResponseErrorHandler.java:122)
at org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler.handleError(DefaultResponseErrorHandler.java:102)
at org.springframework.web.client.ResponseErrorHandler.handleError(ResponseErrorHandler.java:63)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.handleResponse(RestTemplate.java:776)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.doExecute(RestTemplate.java:734)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.execute(RestTemplate.java:668)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.exchange(RestTemplate.java:577)
三种java开源实现加密端对比
- jsonwebtoken/bitbucket不会强制追加Header:typ。auth0会强制追加该参数
- jsonwebtoken/auth0不需要手工设置alg,客户端会自动识别。bitbucket需要手工设置
- jsonwebtoken/auth0计算payload顺序无相关性,与header顺序存在相关性。bitbucket计算与headers/payload顺序存在相关性。顺序不一致会导致计算结果不一致
jwtCreate基于jsonwebtoken
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
<version>0.11.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
<version>0.11.5</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId> <!-- or jjwt-gson if Gson is preferred -->
<version>0.11.5</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
jwtCreate2基于auth0
<dependency>
<groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
<artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
<version>3.10.3</version>
</dependency>
jwtCreate3基于bitbucket
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bitbucket.b_c</groupId>
<artifactId>jose4j</artifactId>
<version>0.7.12</version>
</dependency>
实现代码
/** * 加密数据 * @return 密文 */
public static String jwtCreate(Long timeMillis) {
return Jwts.builder()
.setHeaderParam("Type", Header.JWT_TYPE)
.setHeaderParam(Header.TYPE, Header.JWT_TYPE)
.setIssuer("myIssuer")
.setExpiration(new Date(timeMillis + 60000))
.setIssuedAt(new Date(timeMillis))
.signWith(Keys.hmacShaKeyFor("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)))
.compact();
}
/** * 加密数据 * @return 密文 */
public static String jwtCreate2(Long timeMillis) {
// 私钥和加密算法
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
Map<String, Object> header = new HashMap<>(2);
header.put("Type", "JWT");
return JWT.create()
// 添加头部
.withHeader(header)
// 设置过期时间
.withExpiresAt(new Date(timeMillis + 60000))
// 设置发布时间
.withIssuedAt(new Date(timeMillis))
.withIssuer("myIssuer")
// 设置签名 密钥
.sign(algorithm);
}
public static String jwtCreate3(Long timeMillis) throws JoseException {
JwtClaims claims = new JwtClaims();
claims.setIssuer("myIssuer");
claims.setExpirationTime(NumericDate.fromMilliseconds(timeMillis + 60000));
claims.setIssuedAt(NumericDate.fromMilliseconds(timeMillis));
JsonWebSignature jws = new JsonWebSignature();
jws.setPayload(claims.toJson());
jws.setKey(new HmacKey("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
jws.setHeader("Type", "JWT");
jws.setHeader("typ", "JWT");
jws.setHeader("alg", "HS256");
return jws.getCompactSerialization();
}
验证参数顺序相关性
/** * 加密数据 * @return 密文 */
public static String jwtCreate(Long timeMillis) {
Map<String, String> payload = Maps.newHashMap();
payload.put("a", "a");
payload.put("b", "b");
payload.put("c", "c");
return Jwts.builder()
.setHeaderParam("Type", Header.JWT_TYPE)
.setHeaderParam(Header.TYPE, Header.JWT_TYPE)
.setClaims(payload)
.setIssuer("myIssuer")
.setExpiration(new Date(timeMillis + 60000))
.setIssuedAt(new Date(timeMillis))
.signWith(Keys.hmacShaKeyFor("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)))
.compact();
}
/** * 加密数据 * @return 密文 */
public static String jwtCreate2(Long timeMillis) {
// 私钥和加密算法
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
Map<String, Object> header = new HashMap<>(2);
header.put("Type", "JWT");
return JWT.create()
// 添加头部
.withHeader(header)
.withClaim("a", "a")
.withClaim("c", "c")
.withClaim("b", "b")
// 设置过期时间
.withExpiresAt(new Date(timeMillis + 60000))
// 设置发布时间
.withIssuedAt(new Date(timeMillis))
.withIssuer("myIssuer")
// 设置签名 密钥
.sign(algorithm);
}
public static String jwtCreate3(Long timeMillis) throws JoseException {
JwtClaims claims = new JwtClaims();
claims.setClaim("c", "c");
claims.setClaim("b", "b");
claims.setClaim("a", "a");
claims.setIssuer("myIssuer");
claims.setExpirationTime(NumericDate.fromMilliseconds(timeMillis + 60000));
claims.setIssuedAt(NumericDate.fromMilliseconds(timeMillis));
JsonWebSignature jws = new JsonWebSignature();
jws.setPayload(claims.toJson());
jws.setKey(new HmacKey("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
jws.setHeader("Type", "JWT");
jws.setHeader("typ", "JWT");
jws.setHeader("alg", "HS256");
return jws.getCompactSerialization();
}
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