【英语学习】【WOTD】accolade 释义/词源/示例

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accolade n. [AK-uh-layd]

表扬，嘉奖，骑士爵位的授予；【音】连谱号

Definition

1 a: a mark of acknowledgement : award
   a：认可的标志：同义词：award 奖励

   b: an expression of praise
   b：赞扬的表现

2 a: a ceremonial embrace
   a：礼仪上的拥抱

   b: a ceremony or salute conferring knighthood
   b：授予骑士身份的礼仪或致敬

3: a brace or a line used in music to join two or more staffs carrying simultaneous parts
3：乐谱中的括号或者竖线，表示两个或多个乐谱同时演奏

Did You Know?

Accolade was borrowed into English in the 16th century from French. The French noun, in turn, derives from the verb accoler, which means “to embrace,” and ultimately from the Latin term collum, meaning “neck.” (Collum is also an ancestor of the English word collar.) When it was first borrowed from French, accolade referred to a ceremonial embrace that once marked the conferring of knighthood. The term was later extended to any ceremony conferring knighthood (such as the more familiar tapping on the shoulders with the flat part of a sword’s blade), and eventually extended to honors or awards in general.

词源词根演化： collum (“neck”) —> accoler (“to embrace”) —> accolade (v.)

accolade是在16世纪从法语中借来的，这个法语名词又是由动词accoler衍生而来，意思是“to embrace 拥抱”，最终来自于拉丁单词collum，意思是“neck 脖子” （collum也是英语单词collar（领子）的先祖）。当最初被借入到英语时，accolade表示在授予骑士身份时进行的礼仪式的拥抱，后来这个词的意思扩大了任何授予骑士身份时的礼仪（例如我们熟知的使用剑身轻拍骑士的肩膀），最终这个词扩展到了表示通常的荣誉或者嘉奖。

注：音乐中的连谱号看起来就像是张开双臂进行拥抱。

Examples

• “Black Panther has become the No.1 movie of the year in North America ($700 million) and No.2 worldwide ($1.35 billion) and has earned a slew of accolades including Critics’ Choice, Golden Globe and SAG Award nominations.”
  — Joi Childs, Hollywoodreporter.com*, 7 Jan. 2019

  电影《黑豹》在北美是年度票房第一（7亿美元），全球第二（13.5亿美元），赢得了大量的盛誉，包括Critics‘ Choice，金球奖和SAG奖提名。

  注：a slew of：大量的

• “One by one, members around the table gave accolades to Smedley for his assistance over the years in a number of areas, including grant writing, training and community events.”
  — Linda Hall, The Daily Record (Wooster, Ohio), 8 Feb. 2017

  逐渐地，社区成员给予了Smedley高度赞扬，表彰他在过去数年提供的各种帮助，包括支持写作，培训以及社区活动。

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