一个针对谷歌学术(Google scholar)的爬虫，需要科学上网。
现在每个科研方向的论文太多了，要想把某个领域的论文一网打尽非常麻烦，本文写了个代码来自动实现此功能。支持根据关键词搜索相关的论文，返回指定的前N篇论文的简要信息。

根据关键词搜索

可以指定：关键词、开始时间、结束时间、返回论文的数量（建议不超过200，否则容易被封），爬取的结果包括： [论文标题, 引用数, 发表时间及机构缩写, 论文链接]，见上图划线的部分
结果会print出来，也会自动保存到一个excel文件

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import urllib.request
import re
import time
import traceback
import pandas as pd
import warnings

warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")


headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
                             'Chrome/90.0.4430.93 Safari/537.36'}

def get_paper_page(url):
    req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=headers)
    res = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=100)
    html=res.read().decode('utf-8')
    soup=BeautifulSoup(html)
    data = [[div.select('.gs_rt > a')[0].text, div.select('.gs_fl > a')[2].string, re.search("- .*?\</div>", str(div.select('.gs_a')[0])).group()[1:-6].replace("\xa0", ""), div.select('.gs_rt > a')[0]["href"]] for div in soup.select('.gs_ri')]
    data = [[x[0], int(x[1][6:]) if x[1] != None and x[1].startswith("被引用次数") else 0, x[2], x[3]] for x in data]
    return data

def save_paper_list(data, file_name):
    data = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=['paper title', 'reference', 'publish info', 'url'])
    writer = pd.ExcelWriter(file_name)
    data.to_excel(writer, index=False, encoding='utf-8', sheet_name='Sheet1')
    writer.save()
    writer.close()


def get_paper_list_by_keywork(keyword, start_year = None, end_year = None, max_capacity = 100, debug_mode = False, save_file = "paper_list.xlsx", retry_times = 3):
    keyword = re.sub(" +", "+", keyword.strip())
    url_base = 'https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0%2C5'

    url_base = url_base + '&q=' + keyword
    if start_year != None:
        url_base += "&as_ylo=" + str(start_year)
    if end_year != None:
        url_base += "&as_yhi=" + str(end_year)

    start = 0
    data = []
    while start < max_capacity:
        url = url_base + "&start=" + str(start)
        start += 10
        print(url)
        for i in range(retry_times):
            try:
                data.extend(get_paper_page(url))
                break
            except Exception as e:
                if i < retry_times -1:
                    print("error, retrying ... ")
                else:
                    print("error, fail to get ", url)
                if debug_mode:
                    traceback.print_exc()
                time.sleep(20)
        time.sleep(10)
    # data: [论文标题, 引用数, 发表时间及机构缩写, 论文链接]
    print(data)
    save_paper_list(data, save_file)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    get_paper_list_by_keywork(" named entity recognition ", start_year=2020, max_capacity=100, debug_mode=False, save_file = "paper_list.xlsx")
    print("end")

爬取结果excel文件如下图所示：