java发送http请求有三种方式,除了原生连接方式HttpURLConnection,还有另外两种方式:HTTPClient和CloseableHttpClient
下面分别简单介绍使用HTTPClient和CloseableHTTPClient进行Get和Post请求的方式。
详情使用链接
HttpClient
使用commons-httpclient.jar,maven依赖如下:
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
简单代码如下:
private static String doGet(String url) {
String res = null;
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url);
int code = 0;
try {
code = client.executeMethod(getMethod);
if (code == 200) {
res = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return res;
}
private static String doPost(String url, Map<String, Object> paramMap) {
String res = null;
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
postMethod.getParams().setContentCharset("UTF-8");
Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Object>> iterator = paramMap.entrySet().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<String, Object> next = iterator.next();
postMethod.addParameter(next.getKey(), next.getValue().toString());
}
try {
int code = client.executeMethod(postMethod);
if (code == 200) {
res = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return res;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//get
System.out.println(doGet("http://localhost:8080/hello"));
//post
//设置传入参数的格式:请求参数是 map 的形式
Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>(2);
paramMap.put("name", "赵云");
paramMap.put("age", 21);
System.out.println(doPost("http://localhost:8080/hello1", paramMap));
}
被调用方法:
测试结果:
CloseableHttpClient
使用httpclient.jar,maven依赖如下:
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.12</version>
</dependency>
简单代码如下:
/** * 发送HttpGet请求 * @param url * @return */
public static String doGet(String url) {
//1.获得一个httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//2.生成一个get请求
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
//3.执行get请求并返回结果
response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
String result = null;
try {
//4.处理结果,这里将结果返回为字符串
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
}
} catch (ParseException | IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
response.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/** * 发送HttpPost请求,参数为map * @param url * @param map * @return */
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, Object> map) {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : map.entrySet()) {
//给参数赋值
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), String.valueOf(entry.getValue())));
}
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, Consts.UTF_8);
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
httppost.setEntity(entity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
HttpEntity entity1 = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
try {
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity1);
} catch (ParseException | IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//get
System.out.println(doGet("http://localhost:8080/hello"));
//post
//设置传入参数的格式:请求参数是 map 的形式
Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>(2);
paramMap.put("name", "张飞");
paramMap.put("age", 55);
System.out.println(doPost("http://localhost:8080/hello1", paramMap));
}
被调用方法:
测试结果:
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