英语写作中常见的“转折”小结
(1)一般意义上的“转折”：but, yet, however,nevertheless(nonetheless), though
首先，我们要注意以上四个词当表达“转折”时的词性不同。But, yet是连词，however, nevertheless(nonetheless)和though是副词。
其次，这四个词的用法和表意也是有差别的。But和yet是连词，因此其用法应该是：A句，but B句. but的“转折”语气最为强烈。however和nevertheless(nonetheless)是副词，因此其用法应该是：A句. However(Nevertheless/Nonetheless),B句.而though虽然是副词，不过though的用法却是常置于句末，即A句. B句, though.
如：The return isuncertain, but/yet the investment is worth a try.
The return is uncertain. However, the investment is worth a try.
Nevertheless, the investment is worth a try.
Nonetheless, the investment is worth a try.
The return is uncertain. The investment is worth a try, though.
(2)表示“对比”含义的“转折”：
① while, whereas
② by(in) contrast, onthe other hand, in comparison, conversely
首先，第①组的两个词都是连词，表示含有“对比”的转折。其用法应该是：A句，while/ whereas B句.如：
American consumers prefer white eggs, while/ whereas British buyers like browneggs.
其次，第②组短语或词都是副词性的（短语是副词性短语），表示含有“对比”的转折。其用法应该是：A句. By contrast( Onthe other hand/ In comparison/ Conversely), B句.
如：
American consumers prefer white eggs. Conversely, British buyers like browneggs.
American consumers prefer white eggs. By(In) contrast, British buyers likebrown eggs.
Americanconsumers prefer white eggs. On the other hand, British buyers like brown eggs.
American consumers preferwhite eggs. In comparison, British buyers like brown eggs.
可见，上面“对比”的含义是两个事物在一个方面上的对比。
(3)表示“相反”含义的“转折”：on the contrary, instead
以上的短语或词都是副词性的，表示含有“相反”的转折。其用法应该是：A句. On thecontrary( Instead), B句.
如：
He isn’t poor. On the contrary, he is a millionaire.
Instead, he is a millionaire.
显然，上面所说的“相反”的含义是一个事物的两个相反的方面。
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