ubuntu搭建ftp服务器-按部就班就好 (躺坑后亲测成功)

ubuntu搭建ftp服务器-按部就班就好 (躺坑后亲测成功)安装完成之后通过用户密码登录ftp服务器,登入目录为用户的家目录。其均可从家目录中切换进入家目录下属子目录本教程设置了一个专门用于ftp的用户ftpuser,其家目录在/home/ftp,其下有两个文件夹:Down、Up。Down仅可下载,Up可下载、上传、删除。同时每隔一天将Up中文件移动到Down文件夹其它本地用户可以登录到自己的家目录1、安装vsftp…

ubuntu搭建ftp服务器-按部就班就好 (躺坑后亲测成功)

安装完成之后通过用户密码登录ftp服务器,登入目录为用户的家目录。可从家目录中切换进入家目录下属子目录

本教程设置了一个专门用于ftp的用户 — ftpuser,家目录是/home/ftp,家目录下有两个文件夹:Down、Up。

Down仅可下载,Up可下载、上传、删除。同时每隔一天将Up中文件移动到 Down 文件夹

其它本地用户可以登录到自己的家目录

1、安装vsftp

 sudo apt install vsftpd

2、修改配置文件(在修改之前最好备份一下:sudo cp  /etc/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd.conf.cp)

sudo vim /etc/vsftpd.conf

编辑配置文件如下:

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd’s
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone?  vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 “any” address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
listen_ipv6=YES
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd’s)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages – messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in  your  local  time  zone.  The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using “root” for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command “SIZE /big/file” in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories.  See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
#chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot’ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the “-R” option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as “ncftp” and “mirror” assume
# the presence of the “-R” option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Customization
#
# Some of vsftpd’s settings don’t fit the filesystem layout by
# default.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty.  Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
ssl_enable=NO

#
# Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
#utf8_filesystem=YES

3、创建 ftpuser 用户:

sudo useradd -d /home/ftp -s /bin/bash ftpuser

4、给 ftpuser添加密码:

sudo passwd ftpuser

5、创建 ftpuser的家目录并将其所属用户和所属组改为 ftpuser

sudo mkdir /home/ftp

sudo chown ftpuser:ftpuser /home/ftp

6、修改 /home/ftp 权限(因为要在里面创建Down 和 Up目录,且其不能被 ftpusers 删除,所以应该限制 /home/ftp 写权限)

sudo chmod 555  /home/ftp

7、在 /home/ftp 下创建 Down 和 Up目录,Down仅可下载,Up可下载、上传、删除。

sudo mkdir /home/ftp/Down          

sudo chown ftpuser:ftpuser /home/ftp/Down   #同样需要修改其用户组和拥有者为 ftpuser

sudo mkdir /home/ftp/Up

sudo chown ftpuser:ftpuser /home/ftp/Down

sudo chmod 555 /home/ftp/Down   #修改 Down 目录下文件仅能下载

sudo chmod 777 /home/ftp/Down  #修改 Up 目录下能下载、上传、删除

8、创建vsftpd.chroot_list文件并添加可ftp的用户

sudo vim /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

在里面添加可登录 ftp 的用户,一行一个用户名。ftpuser 添加进去。

9、重启vsftp服务

 sudo service vsftpd restart

10、大功告成

直接windows资源管理器输入 ftp://  + ubuntu主机 ip 

然后输入用户名密码。

11、附加功能(可选),定时将Up中文件移动到Down中

(1)sudo crontab -e

(2)选择编辑器时最好选 vim 输入数字就可以了。

(3)最后一行添加:0 0 * * * mv /home/ftp/Up/* /home/ftp/Down 

#说明:命令前可以输入五个数字,分别代表( * 代表任意 ):

分钟 (0-59)

小時 (0-23)

日期 (1-31)

月份 (1-12)

星期 (0-6) #0 表示星期天

则 0 0 * * * mv /home/ftp/Up/* /home/ftp/Down 代表在0分0时的任意一天移动Up中的文件到Down下

完!

 

 

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