Filter学习
Filter功能
- 拦截jsp、静态图片文件、静态html资源文件
- 实现URL级别的权限访问控制
- 过滤敏感词汇
- 压缩相应信息
Filter的工作原理
看源码可以看出来,Filter接口中有3个方法:init、doFilter、destory
init方法,初始化Filter,Filter在服务器启动阶段被实例化。并且调用init方法,init方法只执行一次,因为Filter只被实例化一次。
destory方法也好理解,就是销毁Filter,释放内存,在运行结束时调用此方法当。长时间没有用户访问,或者项目重新部署,或者服务器重新启动的时候,会销毁所有的Filter对象,销毁之前会先调用Filter对象的destroy方法,完成销毁前的准备工作。也是只执行一次。
doFilter方法提供给开发者重写过滤逻辑。
多个Filter的实现
public class AFilter implements Filter { @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { System.out.println("输出filter2的init方法"); } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; System.out.println("输出filter2的doFilter方法之前"); filterChain.doFilter(request, response); System.out.println("输出filter2的doFilter方法之后"); } @Override public void destroy() { System.out.println("输出filter2的destroy方法"); } }
public class BFilter implements Filter { @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { System.out.println("输出filter1的init方法"); } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; System.out.println("输出filter1的doFilter方法之前"); filterChain.doFilter(request, response); System.out.println("输出filter1的doFilter方法之后"); } @Override public void destroy() { System.out.println("输出filter1的destroy方法"); } }
配置Filter的过滤顺序,通过setOrder方法执行FilterChain的顺序,数字越小,优先级越高。
@Configuration public class WebConfig { @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean filter1() { FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); AFilter aFilter = new AFilter(); filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(aFilter); filterRegistrationBean.setOrder(1); return filterRegistrationBean; } @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean filter2() { FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); BFilter bFilter = new BFilter(); filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(bFilter); filterRegistrationBean.setOrder(2); return filterRegistrationBean; } }
Filter的执行逻辑
总结
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