从零搭建Linux+Docker+Ansible+kubernetes 学习环境(1*Master+3*Node)

写在前面

一直想学K8s，但是没有环境，本身K8s就有些重。上学之前租了一个阿里云的ESC，单核2G的，单机版K8s的勉强可以装上去，多节点没法搞，书里的Demo也没法学。需要多个节点，涉及到多机器操作，所以顺便温习一下ansible 。
这是一个在Win10上从零搭建学习环境的教程，包含：
- 通过Vmware Workstation安装四个linux系统虚拟机，一个Master管理节点，三个Node计算节点。
- 通过桥接模式，可以访问外网，并且可以通过win10物理机ssh远程访问。
- 可以通过Master节点机器ssh免密登录任意Node节点机。
- 配置Ansible，Master节点做controller节点，使用角色配置时间同步，使用playbook 安装配置docker K8S等。
- Docker,K8s集群相关包安装，网络配置等
关于Vmware Workstation 和 Linux ios包，默认小伙伴已经拥有。Vmware Workstation 默认小伙伴已经安装好，没有的可以网上下载一下。

我所渴求的，無非是將心中脫穎語出的本性付諸生活，為何竟如此艱難呢 ——《彷徨少年時》

一，Linux 系统安装

这里默认小伙伴已经安装了Vmware Workstation（VMware-workstation-full-15.5.6-16341506.exe）,已经准备了linux系统安装光盘（CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso）。括号内是我用的版本，我们的方式：

先安装一个Node节点机器，然后通过克隆的方式得到剩余的两个Node机器和一个Master机器

1. 系统安装

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&安装步骤&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&





给虚拟机起一个名称，并指定虚拟机存放的位置。


内存设置这里要结合自己机器的情况，如果8G内存，建议为2G，如果16G，建议4G，如果32G，建议8G









将存放在系统中的光盘镜像放入光驱中。【通过”浏览”找到即可】


如果显示内存太大了，开不了机，可以适当减小内存，

点击屏幕，光标进入到系统，然后上下键选择第一个。

建议初学者选择“简体中文（中国）”，单击“继续”。





检查“安装信息摘要界面”，确保所有带叹号的部分都已经完成，然后单击右下方的“开始安装”按钮，将会执行正式安装。


若密码太简单需要按两次“完成”按钮！


创建用户。（用户名字和密码自定义），填写完成后，单击两次“完成”。


这很需要时间，可以干点别的事…,安装完成之后，会有重启按钮，直接重启即可



启动系统，这个需要一些时间，耐心等待

未列出以root用户登录，然后是一些引导页，直接下一步即可


嗯，这里改一下，命令提示符。弄的好看一点想学习，直接输入：`PS1="\[\033[1;32m\]┌──[\[\033[1;34m\]\u@\H\[\033[1;32m\]]-[\[\033[0;1m\]\w\[\033[1;32m\]] \n\[\033[1;32m\]└─\[\033[1;34m\]\$\[\033[0m\] "`或者写到`vi ~/.bashrc`

2. 配置网络

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&配置网络步骤&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&




桥接模式下，要自己选择桥接到哪个网卡(实际联网用的网卡)，然后确认


配置网卡为DHCP模式(自动分配IP地址):执行方式见表尾，这里值得一说的是，如果网络换了，那么所以有的节点ip也会换掉，因为是动态的，但是还是在一个网段内。DNS和SSH免密也都不能用了，需要重新配置，但是如果你只连一个网络，那就没影响。
`nmcli connection modify 'ens33' ipv4.method auto connection.autoconnect yes #将网卡改为DHCP模式(动态分配IP)`，`nmcli connection up 'ens33'`

配置网卡为DHCP模式(自动分配IP地址)


┌──[root@localhost.localdomain]-[~] 
└─$ nmcli connection modify 'ens33' ipv4.method auto   connection.autoconnect yes
┌──[root@localhost.localdomain]-[~] 
└─$ nmcli connection up 'ens33'
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/4）
┌──[root@localhost.localdomain]-[~] 
└─$ ifconfig | head -2 
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.7  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
┌──[root@localhost.localdomain]-[~] 
└─$

┌──[root@192.168.1.7]-[~] 
└─$ ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.7  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::8899:b0c7:4b50:73e0  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        inet6 240e:319:707:b800:2929:3ab2:f378:715a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
        ether 00:0c:29:b6:a6:52  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 535119  bytes 797946990 (760.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 96  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 59958  bytes 4119314 (3.9 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 616  bytes 53248 (52.0 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 616  bytes 53248 (52.0 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:2e:66:6d  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

┌──[root@192.168.1.7]-[~] 
└─$

网络配置这里，如果觉得不是特别方面，可以使用NAT模式，即通过vm1或者vmm8 做虚拟交换机来使用，这样就不用考虑ip问题了。

3. 机器克隆

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&机器克隆步骤&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
关闭要克隆的虚拟机



链接克隆和完整克隆的区别：
创建链接克隆 #克隆的虚拟机占用磁盘空间很少，但是被克隆的虚拟机必须能够正常使用，否则无法正常使用；
创建完整克隆 #新克隆的虚拟机跟被克隆的虚拟机之间没有关联，被克隆的虚拟机删除也不影响新克隆出来的虚拟机的使用





测试一下，可以访问外网(39.97.241是我的阿里云公网IP)，也可以和物理机互通，同时也可以和node互通



我们以相同的方式，克隆剩余的一个node节点机器，和一个Master节点机。

我们以相同的方式，克隆剩余的一个node节点机器，和一个Master节点机。这里不做展示

克隆剩余的,如果启动时内存不够，需要关闭虚拟机调整相应的内存

`nmcli connection modify 'ens33' ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.9/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 connection.autoconnect yes` , `nmcli connection up 'ens33'` 记得配置静态IP呀

4.管理控制节点到计算节点DNS配置

Master节点DNS配置
Master节点配置DNS，可用通过主机名访问,为方便的话，可以修改每个节点机器的主机名 `/etc/hosts`下修改。

┌──[root@192.168.1.10]-[~] 
└─$ vim /etc/hosts
┌──[root@192.168.1.10]-[~] 
└─$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.7  node0
192.168.1.9  node1
192.168.1.11 node2
192.168.1.10 master
 
┌──[root@192.168.1.10]-[~] 
└─$

5.管理控制节点到计算节点SSH免密配置

Master节点配置SSH免密登录
`ssh-keygen`生成密匙，全部回车
SSH 免密配置，使用`ssh-copy-id`传递密匙

免密测试，如果为了方便，这里，Node1的主机名没有修改。所以显示为IP地址

ssh-keygen生成密匙，全部回车

┌──[root@192.168.1.10]-[~] 
└─$ ssh
usage: ssh [-1246AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec]
           [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file] [-e escape_char]
           [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]
           [-J [user@]host[:port]] [-L address] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]
           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port] [-Q query_option] [-R address]
           [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port] [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]]
           [user@]hostname [command]
┌──[root@192.168.1.10]-[~] 
└─$ ls -ls ~/.ssh/
ls: 无法访问/root/.ssh/: 没有那个文件或目录
┌──[root@192.168.1.10]-[~] 
└─$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:qHboVj/WfMTYCDFDZ5ISf3wEcmfsz0EXJH19U6SnxbY root@node0
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|      .o+.=o+.o+*|
|      ..=B +. o==|
|       ..+o.....O|
|       ... .. .=.|
|      . S. = o.E |
|     o.   o + o  |
|    +... o .     |
|   o..  + o .    |
|   ..  . . .     |
+----[SHA256]-----+

SSH 免密配置，使用ssh-copy-id传递密匙

ssh-copy-id root@node0
ssh-copy-id root@node1
ssh-copy-id root@node2

免密测试

ssh root@node0
ssh root@node1
ssh root@node2

到这一步，我们已经做好了linux环境的搭建，想学linux的小伙伴就可以从这里开始学习啦。这是我linux学习一路整理的笔记，有些实战，感兴趣小伙伴可以看看

二，Ansible安装配置

这里为了方便，我们直接在物理机操作，而且我们已经配置了ssh，因为我本机的内存不够，所以我只能启三台机器了。

主机名	IP	角色	备注
master	192.168.1.10	conteoller	控制机
node1	192.168.1.9	node	受管机
node2	192.168.1.11	node	受管机

##　1. SSH到控制节点即192.168.1.10，配置yum源,安装ansible

┌──(liruilong㉿Liruilong)-[/mnt/e/docker]
└─$ ssh root@192.168.1.10
Last login: Sat Sep 11 00:23:10 2021
┌──[root@master]-[~]
└─$ ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  initial-setup-ks.cfg  下载  公共  图片  文档  桌面  模板  视频  音乐
┌──[root@master]-[~]
└─$ cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ ls
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-CR.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Media.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo  CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

查找 ansible安装包

┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ yum list | grep ansible
ansible-collection-microsoft-sql.noarch     1.1.0-1.el7_9              extras
centos-release-ansible-27.noarch            1-1.el7                    extras
centos-release-ansible-28.noarch            1-1.el7                    extras
centos-release-ansible-29.noarch            1-1.el7                    extras
centos-release-ansible26.noarch             1-3.el7.centos             extras
┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]

阿里云的yum镜像没有ansible包，所以我们需要使用epel安装

┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
--2021-09-11 00:40:11--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 1.180.13.237, 1.180.13.236, 1.180.13.240, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|1.180.13.237|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 664 [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo’

100%[=======================================================================================================================================================================>] 664         --.-K/s   in 0s

2021-09-11 00:40:12 (91.9 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo’ saved [664/664]

┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ yum install -y epel-release

查找ansible安装包，并安装

┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ yum list|grep ansible
Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 12522.
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
  The other application is: PackageKit
    Memory :  28 M RSS (373 MB VSZ)
    Started: Sat Sep 11 00:40:41 2021 - 00:06 ago
    State  : Sleeping, pid: 12522
ansible.noarch                              2.9.25-1.el7               epel
ansible-collection-microsoft-sql.noarch     1.1.0-1.el7_9              extras
ansible-doc.noarch                          2.9.25-1.el7               epel
ansible-inventory-grapher.noarch            2.4.4-1.el7                epel
ansible-lint.noarch                         3.5.1-1.el7                epel
ansible-openstack-modules.noarch            0-20140902git79d751a.el7   epel
ansible-python3.noarch                      2.9.25-1.el7               epel
ansible-review.noarch                       0.13.4-1.el7               epel
ansible-test.noarch                         2.9.25-1.el7               epel
centos-release-ansible-27.noarch            1-1.el7                    extras
centos-release-ansible-28.noarch            1-1.el7                    extras
centos-release-ansible-29.noarch            1-1.el7                    extras
centos-release-ansible26.noarch             1-3.el7.centos             extras
kubernetes-ansible.noarch                   0.6.0-0.1.gitd65ebd5.el7   epel
python2-ansible-runner.noarch               1.0.1-1.el7                epel
python2-ansible-tower-cli.noarch            3.3.9-1.el7                epel
vim-ansible.noarch                          3.2-1.el7                  epel
┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ yum install -y  ansible

┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ ansible --version
ansible 2.9.25
  config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = [u'/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', u'/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 2.7.5 (default, Oct 30 2018, 23:45:53) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)]
┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$

查看主机清单

┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]
└─$ ansible 127.0.0.1 --list-hosts
  hosts (1):
    127.0.0.1
┌──[root@master]-[/etc/yum.repos.d]

2. ansible环境配置

我们这里使用liruilong这个普通账号，一开始装机配置的那个用户，生产中会配置特定的用户，不使用root用户;

1. 主配置文件 `ansible.cfg` 编写

┌──[root@master]-[/home/liruilong]
└─$ su liruilong
[liruilong@master ~]$ pwd
/home/liruilong
[liruilong@master ~]$ mkdir ansible;cd ansible;vim ansible.cfg
[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat ansible.cfg
[defaults]
# 主机清单文件，就是要控制的主机列表
inventory=inventory
# 连接受管机器的远程的用户名
remote_user=liruilong
# 角色目录
roles_path=roles
# 设置用户的su 提权
[privilege_escalation]
become=True
become_method=sudo
become_user=root
become_ask_pass=False

[liruilong@master ansible]$

2. 主机清单：

被控机列表，可以是域名，IP，分组([组名])，聚合（[组名:children]），也可以主动的设置用户名密码

[liruilong@master ansible]$ vim inventory
[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat inventory
[nodes]
node1
node2
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible all --list-hosts
  hosts (2):
    node1
    node2
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible nodes --list-hosts
  hosts (2):
    node1
    node2
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg  inventory
[liruilong@master ansible]$

3. 配置liruilong用户的ssh免密

master节点上以liruilong用户对三个节点分布配置

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/liruilong/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/liruilong/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/liruilong/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:cJ+SHgfMk00X99oCwEVPi1Rjoep7Agfz8DTjvtQv0T0 liruilong@master
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|         .oo*oB. |
|       o +.+ B + |
|      . B . + o .|
|       o+=+o . o |
|        SO=o .o..|
|       ..==.. .E.|
|        .+o ..  .|
|         .o.o.   |
|          o+ ..  |
+----[SHA256]-----+

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ssh-copy-id node1
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/liruilong/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
liruilong@node1's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'node1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

嗯，node2和mater也需要配置

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ssh-copy-id node2
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/liruilong/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
liruilong@node2's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'node2'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[liruilong@master ansible]$

4. 配置`liruilong`普通用户提权

这里有个问题，我的机器上配置了sudo免密，但是第一次没有生效，需要输入密码，之后就不需要了，使用ansible还是不行。后来发现，在/etc/sudoers.d 下新建一个以普通用户命名的文件的授权就可以了，不知道啥原因了。
node1

┌──[root@node1]-[~]
└─$ visudo
┌──[root@node1]-[~]
└─$ cat /etc/sudoers | grep liruilong
liruilong       ALL=(ALL)       NOPASSWD:ALL
┌──[root@node1]-[/etc/sudoers.d]
└─$ cd /etc/sudoers.d/
┌──[root@node1]-[/etc/sudoers.d]
└─$ vim liruilong
┌──[root@node1]-[/etc/sudoers.d]
└─$ cat liruilong
liruilong  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
┌──[root@node1]-[/etc/sudoers.d]
└─$

┌──[root@node2]-[~]
└─$ vim /etc/sudoers.d/liruilong

node2 和 master 按照相同的方式设置

5. 测试临时命令

ansible 清单主机地址列表 -m 模块名 [-a '任务参数']

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible all -m ping
node2 | SUCCESS => { 
   
    "ansible_facts": { 
   
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
node1 | SUCCESS => { 
   
    "ansible_facts": { 
   
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible nodes -m command -a 'ip a list ens33'
node2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:de:77:f4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.11/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 240e:319:735:db00:2b25:4eb1:f520:830c/64 scope global noprefixroute dynamic
       valid_lft 208192sec preferred_lft 121792sec
    inet6 fe80::8899:b0c7:4b50:73e0/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:94:35:31 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.9/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::8899:b0c7:4b50:73e0/64 scope link tentative noprefixroute dadfailed
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::2024:5b1c:1812:f4c0/64 scope link tentative noprefixroute dadfailed
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::d310:173d:7910:9571/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[liruilong@master ansible]$

嗯，到这一步，ansible我们就配置完成了，可以在当前环境学习ansible。这是我ansible学习整理的笔记，主要是CHRE考试的笔记，有些实战，感兴趣小伙伴可以看看

三，Docker、K8s相关包安装配置

关于docker以及k8s的安装，我们可以通过rhel-system-roles基于角色进行安装，也可以自定义角色进行安装，也可以直接写剧本进行安装，这里我们使用直接部署ansible剧本的方式，一步一步构建。
docker的话，感兴趣的小伙伴可以看看我的笔记。容器化技术学习笔记 我们主要看看K8S，

1. 使用ansible部署Docker

这里部署的话，一种是直接刷大佬写好的脚本，一种是自己一步一步来，这里我们使用第二种方式。
我们现在有的机器

主机名	IP	角色	备注
master	192.168.1.10	kube-master	管理节点
node1	192.168.1.9	kube-node	计算节点
node2	192.168.1.11	kube-node	计算节点

1. 配置节点机yum源

这里因为我们要用节点机装包，所以需要配置yum源，ansible配置的方式有很多，可以通过yum_repository配置，我们这里为了方便，直接使用执行shell的方式。

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible nodes -m shell -a 'mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup;wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo'
node2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
--2021-09-11 11:40:20--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 1.180.13.241, 1.180.13.238, 1.180.13.237, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|1.180.13.241|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2523 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’

     0K ..                                                    100% 3.99M=0.001s

2021-09-11 11:40:20 (3.99 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’ saved [2523/2523]
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
--2021-09-11 11:40:20--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 1.180.13.241, 1.180.13.238, 1.180.13.237, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|1.180.13.241|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2523 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’

     0K ..                                                    100%  346M=0s

2021-09-11 11:40:20 (346 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’ saved [2523/2523]
[liruilong@master ansible]$

配置好了yum源，我们需要确认一下

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible all -m shell -a 'yum repolist | grep aliyun'
[liruilong@master ansible]$

2. 配置时间同步

这里为了方便。我们直接使用 ansible角色安装RHEL角色软件包，拷贝角色目录到角色目录下，并创建剧本 timesync.yml

┌──[root@master]-[/home/liruilong/ansible]
└─$  yum -y install rhel-system-roles
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                                                             | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
epel                                                                                             | 4.7 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
(1/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                    | 1.0 MB  00:00:00
(2/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                    | 7.0 MB  00:00:01
正在解决依赖关系
There are unfinished transactions remaining. You might consider running yum-complete-transaction, or "yum-complete-transaction --cleanup-only" and "yum history redo last", first to finish them. If those don't work you'll have to try removing/installing packages by hand (maybe package-cleanup can help).
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 rhel-system-roles.noarch.0.1.0.1-4.el7_9 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

========================================================================================================================
 Package                           架构                   版本                             源                      大小
========================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 rhel-system-roles                 noarch                 1.0.1-4.el7_9                    extras                 988 k

事务概要
========================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总下载量：988 k
安装大小：4.8 M
Downloading packages:
rhel-system-roles-1.0.1-4.el7_9.noarch.rpm                                                       | 988 kB  00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : rhel-system-roles-1.0.1-4.el7_9.noarch                                                              1/1
  验证中      : rhel-system-roles-1.0.1-4.el7_9.noarch                                                              1/1

已安装:
  rhel-system-roles.noarch 0:1.0.1-4.el7_9

完毕！
┌──[root@master]-[/home/liruilong/ansible]
└─$ su - liruilong
上一次登录：六 9月 11 13:16:23 CST 2021pts/2 上
[liruilong@master ~]$ cd /home/liruilong/ansible/
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg  inventory
[liruilong@master ansible]$ cp -r /usr/share/ansible/roles/rhel-system-roles.timesync roles/


[liruilong@master ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg  inventory  roles  timesync.yml
[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat timesync.yml
- name: timesync
  hosts: all
  vars:
    - timesync_ntp_servers:
      - hostname: 192.168.1.10
        iburst: yes
  roles:
    - rhel-system-roles.timesync
[liruilong@master ansible]$

3. docker环境初始化

步骤
安装docker
卸载防火墙
开启路由转发
修复版本防火墙BUG
重启docker服务，设置开机自启

编写 docker环境初始化的剧本 install_docker_playbook.yml

- name: install docker on node1,node2
  hosts: node1,node2
  tasks:
    - yum: name=docker state=absent
    - yum: name=docker state=present
    - yum: name=firewalld state=absent
    - shell: echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    - shell: sysctl -p
    - shell: sed -i '18 i ExecStartPort=/sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT' /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
    - shell: cat /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
    - shell: systemctl daemon-reload
    - service: name=docker state=restarted enabled=yes

执行剧本

[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat install_docker_playbook.yml
- name: install docker on node1,node2
  hosts: node1,node2
  tasks:
    - yum: name=docker state=absent
    - yum: name=docker state=present
    - yum: name=firewalld state=absent
    - shell: echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    - shell: sysctl -p
    - shell: sed -i '18 i ExecStartPort=/sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT' /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
    - shell: cat /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
    - shell: systemctl daemon-reload
    - service: name=docker state=restarted enabled=yes
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg  install_docker_check.yml  install_docker_playbook.yml  inventory  roles  timesync.yml
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook install_docker_playbook.yml

docker环境初始化的剧本执行 `install_docker_playbook.yml`

然后，我们编写一个检查的剧本install_docker_check.yml ，用来检查docker的安装情况

- name: install_docker-check
  hosts: node1,node2
  ignore_errors: yes
  tasks:
    - shell: docker info
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - shell: systemctl -all | grep  firewalld
      register: out1
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out1}}"
    - shell: cat /etc/sysctl.conf
      register: out2
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out2}}"
    - shell: cat /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
      register: out3
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out3}}"

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg  install_docker_check.yml  install_docker_playbook.yml  inventory  roles  timesync.yml
[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat install_docker_check.yml
- name: install_docker-check
  hosts: node1,node2
  ignore_errors: yes
  tasks:
    - shell: docker info
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out}}"
    - shell: systemctl -all | grep  firewalld
      register: out1
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out1}}"
    - shell: cat /etc/sysctl.conf
      register: out2
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out2}}"
    - shell: cat /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
      register: out3
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out3}}"

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook install_docker_check.yml

检查的剧本执行`install_docker_check.yml`

2. etcd 安装

安装etcd(键值型数据库)，在Kube-master上操作，创建配置网络

步骤
使用 yum 方式安装etcd
修改etcd的配置文件,修改etcd监听的客户端地址，0.0.0.0 指监听所有的主机
开启路由转发
启动服务，并设置开机自启动

编写ansible剧本 install_etcd_playbook.yml

- name: install etcd or master
  hosts: 127.0.0.1
  tasks:
    - yum: name=etcd state=present
    - lineinfile: path=/etc/etcd/etcd.conf  regexp=ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://localhost:2379" line=ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
    - shell: cat /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - service: name=etcd state=restarted enabled=yes

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg               install_docker_playbook.yml  inventory  timesync.yml
install_docker_check.yml  install_etcd_playbook.yml    roles
[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat install_etcd_playbook.yml
- name: install etcd or master
  hosts: 127.0.0.1
  tasks:
    - yum: name=etcd state=present
    - lineinfile: path=/etc/etcd/etcd.conf  regexp=ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://localhost:2379" line=ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
    - shell: cat /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out}}"
    - service: name=etcd state=restarted enabled=yes

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook install_etcd_playbook.yml

ansible剧本 `install_etcd_playbook.yml`执行

1. 创建配置网络：10.254.0.0/16

创建配置网络：10.254.0.0/16
`etcdctl ls /`
`etcdctl mk /atomic.io/network/config '{"Network": "10.254.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type":"vxlan"}} '`
`etcdctl get /atomic.io/network/config`

[liruilong@master ansible]$ etcdctl ls /
[liruilong@master ansible]$ etcdctl mk /atomic.io/network/config '{"Network": "10.254.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type":"vxlan"}} '
{ 
   "Network": "10.254.0.0/16", "Backend": { 
   "Type":"vxlan"}}
[liruilong@master ansible]$ etcdctl ls /
/atomic.io
[liruilong@master ansible]$ etcdctl ls /atomic.io
/atomic.io/network
[liruilong@master ansible]$ etcdctl ls /atomic.io/network
/atomic.io/network/config
[liruilong@master ansible]$ etcdctl get /atomic.io/network/config
{ 
   "Network": "10.254.0.0/16", "Backend": { 
   "Type":"vxlan"}}
[liruilong@master ansible]$

3. flannel 安装配置（k8s所有机器上操作）

flannel是一个网络规划服务，它的功能是让k8s集群中，不同节点主机创建的docker容器，都具有在集群中唯一的虚拟IP地址。flannel 还可以在这些虚拟机IP地址之间建立一个覆盖网络，通过这个覆盖网络，实现不同主机内的容器互联互通；嗯，类似一个vlan的作用。

kube-master 管理主机上没有docker，只需要安装flannel，修改配置，启动并设置开机自启动即可。

1. ansible 主机清单添加 master节点

嗯，这里因为master节点机需要装包配置，所以我们在主机清单里加了master节点

[liruilong@master ansible]$ sudo cat /etc/hosts
192.168.1.11  node2
192.168.1.9   node1
192.168.1.10  master
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg               install_docker_playbook.yml  inventory  timesync.yml
install_docker_check.yml  install_etcd_playbook.yml    roles
[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat inventory
master
[nodes]
node1
node2

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible master -m ping
master | SUCCESS => { 
   
    "ansible_facts": { 
   
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}

2. flannel 安装配置

步骤
安装flannel网络软件包
修改配置文件 `/etc/sysconfig/flanneld`
启动服务（`flannel`服务必须在`docker`服务之前启动），记得要把master节点的端口开了，要不就关了防火墙
先启动`flannel`，再启动`docker`

编写剧本 install_flannel_playbook.yml：

- name: install flannel or all
  hosts: all
  vars:
    group_node: nodes
  tasks:
    - yum:
        name: flannel
        state: present
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/sysconfig/flanneld
        regexp: FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="http://127.0.0.1:2379"
        line: FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="http://192.168.1.10:2379"
    - service:
        name: docker
        state: stopped
      when: group_node in group_names
    - service:
        name: flanneld
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - service:
        name: docker
        state: restarted
      when: group_node in group_names

执行剧本之前要把master的firewalld 关掉。也可以把2379端口放开

[liruilong@master ansible]$ su root
密码：
┌──[root@master]-[/home/liruilong/ansible]
└─$ systemctl disable flanneld.service --now
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/flanneld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.wants/flanneld.service.
┌──[root@master]-[/home/liruilong/ansible]
└─$ systemctl status flanneld.service
● flanneld.service - Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

9月 12 18:34:24 master flanneld-start[50344]: I0912 18:34:24.046900   50344 manager.go:149] Using interface with name ens33 and address 192.168.1.10
9月 12 18:34:24 master flanneld-start[50344]: I0912 18:34:24.046958   50344 manager.go:166] Defaulting external address to interface address (192.168.1.10)
9月 12 18:34:24 master flanneld-start[50344]: I0912 18:34:24.056681   50344 local_manager.go:134] Found lease (10.254.68.0/24) for current IP (192..., reusing
9月 12 18:34:24 master flanneld-start[50344]: I0912 18:34:24.060343   50344 manager.go:250] Lease acquired: 10.254.68.0/24
9月 12 18:34:24 master flanneld-start[50344]: I0912 18:34:24.062427   50344 network.go:58] Watching for L3 misses
9月 12 18:34:24 master flanneld-start[50344]: I0912 18:34:24.062462   50344 network.go:66] Watching for new subnet leases
9月 12 18:34:24 master systemd[1]: Started Flanneld overlay address etcd agent.
9月 12 18:40:42 master systemd[1]: Stopping Flanneld overlay address etcd agent...
9月 12 18:40:42 master flanneld-start[50344]: I0912 18:40:42.194559   50344 main.go:172] Exiting...
9月 12 18:40:42 master systemd[1]: Stopped Flanneld overlay address etcd agent.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
┌──[root@master]-[/home/liruilong/ansible]
└─$

┌──[root@master]-[/home/liruilong/ansible]
└─$ cat install_flannel_playbook.yml
- name: install flannel or all
  hosts: all
  vars:
    group_node: nodes
  tasks:
    - yum:
        name: flannel
        state: present
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/sysconfig/flanneld
        regexp: FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="http://127.0.0.1:2379"
        line: FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="http://192.168.1.10:2379"
    - service:
        name: docker
        state: stopped
      when: group_node in group_names
    - service:
        name: flanneld
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - service:
        name: docker
        state: restarted
      when: group_node in group_names


┌──[root@master]-[/home/liruilong/ansible]
└─$ ansible-playbook install_flannel_playbook.yml

剧本 `install_flannel_playbook.yml`执行

3. 测试 flannel

这里也可以使用ansible 的docker相关模块处理，我们这里为了方便直接用shell模块

编写 install_flannel_check.yml

步骤
打印node节点机的docker桥接网卡docker0
在node节点机基于centos镜像运行容器，名字为主机名
打印镜像id相关信息
打印全部节点的flannel网卡信息

- name: flannel config check
  hosts: all
  vars:
    nodes: nodes
  tasks:
    - block:
        - shell: ifconfig docker0 | head -2
          register: out
        - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
        - shell: docker rm -f  { 
   { 
   inventory_hostname}}
        - shell: docker run -itd --name { 
   { 
   inventory_hostname}} centos
          register: out1
        - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out1}}"
      when: nodes in group_names
    - shell: ifconfig flannel.1 | head -2
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"

执行剧本

[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat install_flannel_check.yml
- name: flannel config check
  hosts: all
  vars:
    nodes: nodes
  tasks:
    - block:
        - shell: ifconfig docker0 | head -2
          register: out
        - debug: msg="{ 
   {out}}"
        - shell: docker rm -f  { 
   { 
   inventory_hostname}}
        - shell: docker run -itd --name { 
   { 
   inventory_hostname}} centos
          register: out1
        - debug: msg="{ 
   {out1}}"
      when: nodes in group_names
    - shell: ifconfig flannel.1 | head -2
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out}}"
[liruilong@master ansible]$
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook install_flannel_check.yml

PLAY [flannel config check] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master]
ok: [node2]
ok: [node1]

TASK [shell] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [master]
changed: [node2]
changed: [node1]

TASK [debug] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [master]
ok: [node1] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "ifconfig docker0 | head -2",
        "delta": "0:00:00.021769",
        "end": "2021-09-12 21:51:44.826682",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-12 21:51:44.804913",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450\n inet 10.254.97.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450",
            " inet 10.254.97.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0"
        ]
    }
}
ok: [node2] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "ifconfig docker0 | head -2",
        "delta": "0:00:00.011223",
        "end": "2021-09-12 21:51:44.807988",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-12 21:51:44.796765",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450\n inet 10.254.59.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450",
            " inet 10.254.59.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0"
        ]
    }
}

TASK [shell] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [master]
changed: [node1]
changed: [node2]

TASK [shell] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [master]
changed: [node1]
changed: [node2]

TASK [debug] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [master]
ok: [node1] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "docker run -itd --name node1 centos",
        "delta": "0:00:00.795119",
        "end": "2021-09-12 21:51:48.157221",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-12 21:51:47.362102",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "1c0628dcb7e772640d9eb58179efc03533e796989f7a802e230f9ebc3012845a",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "1c0628dcb7e772640d9eb58179efc03533e796989f7a802e230f9ebc3012845a"
        ]
    }
}
ok: [node2] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "docker run -itd --name node2 centos",
        "delta": "0:00:00.787663",
        "end": "2021-09-12 21:51:48.194065",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-12 21:51:47.406402",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "1931d80f5bfffc23fef714a58ab5b009ed5e2182199b55038bb9b1ccc69ec271",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "1931d80f5bfffc23fef714a58ab5b009ed5e2182199b55038bb9b1ccc69ec271"
        ]
    }
}

TASK [shell] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]
changed: [node2]
changed: [node1]

TASK [debug] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "ifconfig flannel.1 | head -2",
        "delta": "0:00:00.011813",
        "end": "2021-09-12 21:51:48.722196",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-12 21:51:48.710383",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450\n inet 10.254.68.0 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 0.0.0.0",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450",
            " inet 10.254.68.0 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 0.0.0.0"
        ]
    }
}
ok: [node1] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "ifconfig flannel.1 | head -2",
        "delta": "0:00:00.021717",
        "end": "2021-09-12 21:51:49.443800",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-12 21:51:49.422083",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450\n inet 10.254.97.0 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 0.0.0.0",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450",
            " inet 10.254.97.0 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 0.0.0.0"
        ]
    }
}
ok: [node2] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "ifconfig flannel.1 | head -2",
        "delta": "0:00:00.012259",
        "end": "2021-09-12 21:51:49.439005",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-12 21:51:49.426746",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450\n inet 10.254.59.0 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 0.0.0.0",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450",
            " inet 10.254.59.0 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 0.0.0.0"
        ]
    }
}

PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=5    rescued=0    ignored=0
node1                      : ok=8    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node2                      : ok=8    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

[liruilong@master ansible]$

验证node1上的centos容器能否ping通 node2上的centos容器

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ssh node1
Last login: Sun Sep 12 21:58:49 2021 from 192.168.1.10
[liruilong@node1 ~]$ sudo docker exec -it node1 /bin/bash
[root@1c0628dcb7e7 /]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
17: eth0@if18: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UP group default
    link/ether 02:42:0a:fe:61:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 10.254.97.2/24 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:aff:fefe:6102/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@1c0628dcb7e7 /]# exit
exit
[liruilong@node1 ~]$ exit
登出
Connection to node1 closed.
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ssh node2
Last login: Sun Sep 12 21:51:49 2021 from 192.168.1.10
[liruilong@node2 ~]$  sudo docker exec -it node2 /bin/bash
[root@1931d80f5bff /]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
15: eth0@if16: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UP group default
    link/ether 02:42:0a:fe:3b:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 10.254.59.2/24 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:aff:fefe:3b02/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@1931d80f5bff /]# ping 10.254.97.2
PING 10.254.97.2 (10.254.97.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.254.97.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=99.3 ms
64 bytes from 10.254.97.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.693 ms
64 bytes from 10.254.97.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=97.6 ms
^C
--- 10.254.97.2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 5ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.693/65.879/99.337/46.100 ms
[root@1931d80f5bff /]#

测试可以ping通，到这一步，我们配置了 flannel 网络，实现不同机器间容器互联互通

4. 安装部署 kube-master

嗯，网络配置好之后，我们要在master管理节点安装配置相应的kube-master。先看下有没有包

[liruilong@master ansible]$ yum list kubernetes-*
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
可安装的软件包
kubernetes.x86_64                                                            1.5.2-0.7.git269f928.el7                                                    extras
kubernetes-ansible.noarch                                                    0.6.0-0.1.gitd65ebd5.el7                                                    epel
kubernetes-client.x86_64                                                     1.5.2-0.7.git269f928.el7                                                    extras
kubernetes-master.x86_64                                                     1.5.2-0.7.git269f928.el7                                                    extras
kubernetes-node.x86_64                                                       1.5.2-0.7.git269f928.el7                                                    extras
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ls /etc/yum.repos.d/

嗯，如果有1.10的包，最好用 1.10 的，这里我们只有1.5 的就先用1.5 的试试，1.10 的yum源没找到

步骤
关闭交换分区，selinux
配置k8s 的yum源
安装k8s软件包
修改全局配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/config
修改master 配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
启动服务
验证服务 kuberctl get cs

编写 install_kube-master_playbook.yml 剧本

- name: install  kube-master  or master
  hosts: master
  tasks:
    - shell: swapoff -a
    - replace:
        path: /etc/fstab
        regexp: "/dev/mapper/centos-swap"
        replace: "#/dev/mapper/centos-swap"
    - shell: cat /etc/fstab
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - shell: getenforce
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - shell: setenforce 0
      when: out.stdout != "Disabled"
    - replace:
        path: /etc/selinux/config
        regexp: "SELINUX=enforcing"
        replace: "SELINUX=disabled"
    - shell: cat /etc/selinux/config
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - yum_repository:
        name: Kubernetes
        description: K8s aliyun yum
        baseurl: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
        gpgcheck: yes
        gpgkey: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
        repo_gpgcheck: yes
        enabled: yes
    - yum:
        name: kubernetes-master,kubernetes-client
        state:  absent
    - yum:
        name: kubernetes-master
        state: present
    - yum:
        name: kubernetes-client
        state: present
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/config
        regexp: KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080"
        line: KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://192.168.1.10:8080"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
        regexp: KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1"
        line: KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
        regexp: KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://127.0.0.1:2379"
        line: KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://192.168.1.10:2379"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
        regexp: KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
        line:   KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
        regexp: KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota"
        line:   KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ResourceQuota"
    - service:
        name: kube-apiserver
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - service:
        name: kube-controller-manager
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - service:
        name: kube-scheduler
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - shell: kubectl get cs
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"

执行剧本

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook  install_kube-master_playbook.yml
............
TASK [debug] **************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "kubectl get cs",
        "delta": "0:00:05.653524",
        "end": "2021-09-12 23:44:58.030756",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-12 23:44:52.377232",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR\nscheduler Healthy ok \ncontroller-manager Healthy ok \netcd-0 Healthy { 
   \"health\":\"true\"} ",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR",
            "scheduler Healthy ok ",
            "controller-manager Healthy ok ",
            "etcd-0 Healthy { 
   \"health\":\"true\"} "
        ]
    }
}

PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=13   changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat install_kube-master_playbook.yml
- name: install  kube-master  or master
  hosts: master
  tasks:
    - shell: swapoff -a
    - replace:
        path: /etc/fstab
        regexp: "/dev/mapper/centos-swap"
        replace: "#/dev/mapper/centos-swap"
    - shell: cat /etc/fstab
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out}}"
    - shell: getenforce
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out}}"
    - shell: setenforce 0
      when: out.stdout != "Disabled"
    - replace:
        path: /etc/selinux/config
        regexp: "SELINUX=enforcing"
        replace: "SELINUX=disabled"
    - shell: cat /etc/selinux/config
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out}}"
    - yum_repository:
        name: Kubernetes
        description: K8s aliyun yum
        baseurl: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
        gpgcheck: yes
        gpgkey: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
        repo_gpgcheck: yes
        enabled: yes
    - yum:
        name: kubernetes-master,kubernetes-client
        state:  absent
    - yum:
        name: kubernetes-master
        state: present
    - yum:
        name: kubernetes-client
        state: present
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/config
        regexp: KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080"
        line: KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://192.168.1.10:8080"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
        regexp: KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1"
        line: KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
        regexp: KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://127.0.0.1:2379"
        line: KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://192.168.1.10:2379"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
        regexp: KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
        line:   KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
        regexp: KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota"
        line:   KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ResourceQuota"
    - service:
        name: kube-apiserver
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - service:
        name: kube-controller-manager
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - service:
        name: kube-scheduler
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - shell: kubectl get cs
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   {out}}"

[liruilong@master ansible]$

5. 安装部署 kube-node

管理节点安装成功之后我们要部署相应的计算节点，kube-node 的安装 ( 在所有node服务器上部署 )

步骤
关闭交换分区，selinux
配置k8s 的yum源
安装k8s的node节点软件包
修改kube-node 全局配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/config
修改node 配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/kubelet，这里需要注意的是有一个基础镜像的配置，如果自己的镜像库最好配自己的
kubelet.kubeconfig 文件生成
设置集群：将生成的信息，写入到kubelet.kubeconfig文件中
Pod 镜像安装
启动服务并验证

剧本编写： install_kube-node_playbook.yml

[liruilong@master ansible]$ cat 
- name: install kube-node or nodes
  hosts: nodes
  tasks:
    - shell: swapoff -a
    - replace:
        path: /etc/fstab
        regexp: "/dev/mapper/centos-swap"
        replace: "#/dev/mapper/centos-swap"
    - shell: cat /etc/fstab
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - shell: getenforce
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - shell: setenforce 0
      when: out.stdout != "Disabled"
    - replace:
        path: /etc/selinux/config
        regexp: "SELINUX=enforcing"
        replace: "SELINUX=disabled"
    - shell: cat /etc/selinux/config
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - yum_repository:
        name: Kubernetes
        description: K8s aliyun yum
        baseurl: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
        gpgcheck: yes
        gpgkey: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
        repo_gpgcheck: yes
        enabled: yes
    - yum:
        name: kubernetes-node
        state: absent
    - yum:
        name: kubernetes-node
        state: present
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/config
        regexp: KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080"
        line:   KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://192.168.1.10:8080"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
        regexp: KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=127.0.0.1"
        line:   KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
        regexp: KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=127.0.0.1"
        line:   KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override={ 
   { 
   inventory_hostname}}"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
        regexp: KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://127.0.0.1:8080"
        line:   KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://192.168.1.10:8080"
    - lineinfile:
        path: /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
        regexp: KUBELET_ARGS=""
        line:   KUBELET_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=systemd   --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig"
    - shell: kubectl config set-cluster local --server="http://192.168.1.10:8080"
    - shell: kubectl config set-context --cluster="local" local
    - shell: kubectl config set current-context local
    - shell: kubectl config view
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"
    - copy:
        dest: /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig
        content: "{ 
   {out.stdout}}"
        force: yes
    - shell: docker pull tianyebj/pod-infrastructure:latest
    - service:
        name: kubelet
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
    - service:
        name: kube-proxy
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes

- name: service check
  hosts: master
  tasks:
    - shell: sleep 10
      async: 11
    - shell: kubectl get node
      register: out
    - debug: msg="{ 
   { 
   out}}"

执行剧本 install_kube-node_playbook.yml

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook install_kube-node_playbook.yml
........
...
TASK [debug] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master] => { 
   
    "msg": { 
   
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "kubectl get node",
        "delta": "0:00:00.579772",
        "end": "2021-09-15 02:00:34.829752",
        "failed": false,
        "rc": 0,
        "start": "2021-09-15 02:00:34.249980",
        "stderr": "",
        "stderr_lines": [],
        "stdout": "NAME STATUS AGE\nnode1 Ready 1d\nnode2 Ready 1d",
        "stdout_lines": [
            "NAME STATUS AGE",
            "node1 Ready 1d",
            "node2 Ready 1d"
        ]
    }
}

PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node1                      : ok=27   changed=19   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0
node2                      : ok=27   changed=19   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0

[liruilong@master ansible]$

6. 安装部署 kube-dashboard

dashboard 镜像安装:kubernetes-dashboard 是 kubernetes 的web管理面板.这里的话一定要和K8s的版本对应，包括配置文件

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m shell -a 'docker search kubernetes-dashboard'
[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m shell -a 'docker pull docker.io/rainf/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64'

kube-dashboard.yaml 文件，修改dashboard的yaml文件，在kube-master上操作

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
  labels:
    app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: kubernetes-dashboard
      # Comment the following annotation if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      annotations:
        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/tolerations: | [ { "key": "dedicated", "operator": "Equal", "value": "master", "effect": "NoSchedule" } ]
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image:  docker.io/rainf/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64      #默认的镜像是使用google的，这里改成docker仓库的
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        args:
          # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
          # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
          # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
          - --apiserver-host=http://192.168.1.10:8080    #注意这里是api的地址
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 9090
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 9090
    nodePort: 30090
  selector:
    app: kubernetes-dashboard

根据yaml文件，创建dashboard容器，在kube-master上操作

[liruilong@master ansible]$ vim kube-dashboard.yaml
[liruilong@master ansible]$ kubectl create -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
deployment "kubernetes-dashboard" created
service "kubernetes-dashboard" created
[liruilong@master ansible]$ kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME                                    READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-1953799730-jjdfj   1/1       Running   0          6s
[liruilong@master ansible]$

看一下在那个节点上，然后访问试试

[liruilong@master ansible]$ ansible nodes -a  "docker ps"
node2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                        COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
14433d421746        docker.io/rainf/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64                   "/dashboard --port..."   10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                           k8s_kubernetes-dashboard.c82dac6b_kubernetes-dashboard-1953799730-jjdfj_kube-system_ea2ec370-1594-11ec-bbb1-000c294efe34_9c65bb2a
afc4d4a56eab        registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest   "/usr/bin/pod"           10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                           k8s_POD.28c50bab_kubernetes-dashboard-1953799730-jjdfj_kube-system_ea2ec370-1594-11ec-bbb1-000c294efe34_6851b7ee
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[liruilong@master ansible]$

在 node2上，即可以通过 http://192.168.1.11:30090/ 访问，我们测试一下

后记

嗯，到这里，就完成了全部的Linux+Docker+Ansible+K8S学习环境搭建。k8s的搭建方式有些落后，但是刚开始学习，慢慢来，接下来就进行愉快的 K8S学习吧。

今天的文章从零搭建Linux+Docker+Ansible+kubernetes 学习环境(1*Master+3*Node)分享到此就结束了，感谢您的阅读。

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从零搭建Linux+Docker+Ansible+kubernetes 学习环境(1Master+3Node)

写在前面

一，Linux 系统安装

1. 系统安装

2. 配置网络

3. 机器克隆

4.管理控制节点到计算节点DNS配置

5.管理控制节点到计算节点SSH免密配置

二，Ansible安装配置

2. ansible环境配置

1. 主配置文件 `ansible.cfg` 编写

2. 主机清单：

3. 配置liruilong用户的ssh免密

4. 配置`liruilong`普通用户提权

5. 测试临时命令

三，Docker、K8s相关包安装配置

1. 使用ansible部署Docker

1. 配置节点机yum源

2. 配置时间同步

3. docker环境初始化

2. etcd 安装

1. 创建配置网络：10.254.0.0/16

3. flannel 安装配置（k8s所有机器上操作）

1. ansible 主机清单添加 master节点

2. flannel 安装配置

3. 测试 flannel

4. 安装部署 kube-master

5. 安装部署 kube-node

6. 安装部署 kube-dashboard

后记

发表回复

从零搭建Linux+Docker+Ansible+kubernetes 学习环境(1*Master+3*Node)

写在前面

一，Linux 系统安装

1. 系统安装

2. 配置网络

3. 机器克隆

4.管理控制节点到计算节点DNS配置

5.管理控制节点到计算节点SSH免密配置

二，Ansible安装配置

2. ansible环境配置

1. 主配置文件 ansible.cfg 编写

2. 主机清单：

3. 配置liruilong用户的ssh免密

4. 配置liruilong普通用户提权

5. 测试临时命令

三，Docker、K8s相关包安装配置

1. 使用ansible部署Docker

1. 配置节点机yum源

2. 配置时间同步

3. docker环境初始化

2. etcd 安装

1. 创建配置网络：10.254.0.0/16

3. flannel 安装配置（k8s所有机器上操作）

1. ansible 主机清单添加 master节点

2. flannel 安装配置

3. 测试 flannel

4. 安装部署 kube-master

5. 安装部署 kube-node

6. 安装部署 kube-dashboard

后记

相关推荐

发表回复

从零搭建Linux+Docker+Ansible+kubernetes 学习环境(1Master+3Node)

1. 主配置文件 `ansible.cfg` 编写

4. 配置`liruilong`普通用户提权