本篇博文介绍一些常用的LaTeX符号,方便使用时查询。
文章目录
1.操作符
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
± \pm ± | \pm | ∓ \mp ∓ | \mp | × \times × | \times |
÷ \div ÷ | \div | ⋅ \cdot ⋅ | \cdot | ∗ \ast ∗ | \ast |
⋆ \star ⋆ | \star | † \dagger † | \dagger | ‡ \ddagger ‡ | \ddagger |
⨿ \amalg ⨿ | \amalg | ∩ \cap ∩ | \cap | ∪ \cup ∪ | \cup |
⊎ \uplus ⊎ | \uplus | ⊓ \sqcap ⊓ | \sqcap | ⊔ \sqcup ⊔ | \sqcup |
∨ \vee ∨ | \vee | ∧ \wedge ∧ | \wedge | ⊕ \oplus ⊕ | \oplus |
⊖ \ominus ⊖ | \ominus | ⊗ \otimes ⊗ | \otimes | ∘ \circ ∘ | \circ |
∙ \bullet ∙ | \bullet | ⋄ \diamond ⋄ | \diamond | ⊲ \lhd ⊲ | \lhd |
⊳ \rhd ⊳ | \rhd | ⊴ \unlhd ⊴ | \unlhd | ⊵ \unrhd ⊵ | \unrhd |
⊘ \oslash ⊘ | \oslash | ⊙ \odot ⊙ | \odot | ◯ \bigcirc ◯ | \bigcirc |
◃ \triangleleft ◃ | \triangleleft | ◊ \Diamond ◊ | \Diamond | △ \bigtriangleup △ | \bigtriangleup |
▽ \bigtriangledown ▽ | \bigtriangledown | □ \Box □ | \Box | ▹ \triangleright ▹ | \triangleright |
$\setminus $ | \setminus | ≀ \wr ≀ | \wr | x \sqrt{x} x | \sqrt{x} |
x ∘ x^{\circ} x∘ | x^{\circ} | ▽ \triangledown ▽ | \triangledown | x n \sqrt[n]{x} nx | \sqrt[n]{x} |
a x a^x ax | a^x | a x y z a^{xyz} axyz | a^{xyz} |
2.关系符
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤ \le ≤ | \le | ≥ \ge ≥ | \ge | ≠ \neq = | \neq |
∼ \sim ∼ | \sim | ≪ \ll ≪ | \ll | ≫ \gg ≫ | \gg |
≐ \doteq ≐ | \doteq | ≃ \simeq ≃ | \simeq | ⊂ \subset ⊂ | \subset |
⊃ \supset ⊃ | \supset | ≈ \approx ≈ | \approx | ≍ \asymp ≍ | \asymp |
⊆ \subseteq ⊆ | \subseteq | ⊇ \supseteq ⊇ | \supseteq | ≅ \cong ≅ | \cong |
⌣ \smile ⌣ | \smile | ⊏ \sqsubset ⊏ | \sqsubset | ⊐ \sqsupset ⊐ | \sqsupset |
≡ \equiv ≡ | \equiv | ⌢ \frown ⌢ | \frown | ⊑ \sqsubseteq ⊑ | \sqsubseteq |
⊒ \sqsupseteq ⊒ | \sqsupseteq | ∝ \propto ∝ | \propto | ⋈ \bowtie ⋈ | \bowtie |
∈ \in ∈ | \in | ∋ \ni ∋ | \ni | ≺ \prec ≺ | \prec |
≻ \succ ≻ | \succ | ⊢ \vdash ⊢ | \vdash | ⊣ \dashv ⊣ | \dashv |
⪯ \preceq ⪯ | \preceq | ⪰ \succeq ⪰ | \succeq | ⊨ \models ⊨ | \models |
⊥ \perp ⊥ | \perp | ∥ \parallel ∥ | \parallel | ||
∣ \mid ∣ | \mid | ≏ \bumpeq ≏ | \bumpeq | \ |
只要将not放在符号前面或者在 \ 和单词之间插入一个 n ,就可以形成许多这些关系的否定形式,这里有一些例子,加上一些其他的否定,它也适用于许多其他的。
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
∤ \nmid ∤ | \nmid | ≰ \nleq ≰ | \nleq | ≱ \ngeq ≱ | \ngeq |
≁ \nsim ≁ | \nsim | ≆ \ncong ≆ | \ncong | ∦ \nparallel ∦ | \nparallel |
≮ \not< < | \not< | ≯ \not> > | \not> | ≠ \not= = | \not= or \neq |
≰ \not\le ≤ | \not\le | ≱ \not\ge ≥ | \not\ge | ≁ \not\sim ∼ | \not\sim |
≉ \not \approx ≈ | \not\approx | ≇ \not\cong ≅ | \not\cong | ≢ \not\equiv ≡ | \not\equiv |
∦ \not\parallel ∥ | \not\parallel | ≮ \nless ≮ | \nless | ≯ \ngtr ≯ | \ngtr |
⪇ \lneq ⪇ | \lneq | ⪈ \gneq ⪈ | \gneq | ⋦ \lnsim ⋦ | \lnsim |
≨ \lneqq ≨ | \lneqq | ≩ \gneqq ≩ | \gneqq |
3.希腊字母
小写
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
α \alpha α | \alpha | β \beta β | \beta | γ \gamma γ | \gamma | δ \delta δ | \delta |
ϵ \epsilon ϵ | \epsilon | ε \varepsilon ε | \varepsilon | ζ \zeta ζ | \zeta | η \eta η | \eta |
θ \theta θ | \theta | ϑ \vartheta ϑ | \vartheta | ι \iota ι | \iota | κ \kappa κ | \kappa |
λ \lambda λ | \lambda | μ \mu μ | \mu | ν \nu ν | \nu | ξ \xi ξ | \xi |
π \pi π | \pi | ϖ \varpi ϖ | \varpi | ρ \rho ρ | \rho | ϱ \varrho ϱ | \varrho |
σ \sigma σ | \sigma | ς \varsigma ς | \varsigma | τ \tau τ | \tau | υ \upsilon υ | \upsilon |
ϕ \phi ϕ | \phi | φ \varphi φ | \varphi | χ \chi χ | \chi | ψ \psi ψ | \psi |
ω \omega ω | \omega |
大写
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Γ \Gamma Γ | \Gamma | Δ \Delta Δ | \Delta | Θ \Theta Θ | \Theta | Λ \Lambda Λ | \Lambda |
Ξ \Xi Ξ | \Xi | Π \Pi Π | \Pi | Σ \Sigma Σ | \Sigma | Υ \Upsilon Υ | \Upsilon |
Φ \Phi Φ | \Phi | Ψ \Psi Ψ | \Psi | Ω \Omega Ω | \Omega | ∇ \nabla ∇ | \nabla |
加粗
在公式中的字母加粗:
Symbol | Command |
---|---|
m \bold m m | $ \bold m $ |
空心字母
Symbol | Command |
---|---|
M \mathbb{M} M | $ \mathbb{M} $ |
R \mathbb{R} R | $ \mathbb{R} $ |
4.箭头
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|
← \gets ← | \gets | → \to → | \to |
← \leftarrow ← | \leftarrow | ⇐ \Leftarrow ⇐ | \Leftarrow |
→ \rightarrow → | \rightarrow | ⇒ \Rightarrow ⇒ | \Rightarrow |
↔ \leftrightarrow ↔ | \leftrightarrow | ⇔ \Leftrightarrow ⇔ | \Leftrightarrow |
↦ \mapsto ↦ | \mapsto | ↩ \hookleftarrow ↩ | \hookleftarrow |
↼ \leftharpoonup ↼ | \leftharpoonup | ↽ \leftharpoondown ↽ | \leftharpoondown |
⇌ \rightleftharpoons ⇌ | \rightleftharpoons | ⟵ \longleftarrow ⟵ | \longleftarrow |
⟸ \Longleftarrow ⟸ | \Longleftarrow | ⟶ \longrightarrow ⟶ | \longrightarrow |
⟹ \Longrightarrow ⟹ | \Longrightarrow | ⟷ \longleftrightarrow ⟷ | \longleftrightarrow |
⟺ \Longleftrightarrow ⟺ | \Longleftrightarrow | ⟼ \longmapsto ⟼ | \longmapsto |
↪ \hookrightarrow ↪ | \hookrightarrow | ⇀ \rightharpoonup ⇀ | \rightharpoonup |
⇁ \rightharpoondown ⇁ | \rightharpoondown | ⇝ \leadsto ⇝ | \leadsto |
↑ \uparrow ↑ | \uparrow | ⇑ \Uparrow ⇑ | \Uparrow |
↓ \downarrow ↓ | \downarrow | ⇓ \Downarrow ⇓ | \Downarrow |
↕ \updownarrow ↕ | \updownarrow | ⇕ \Updownarrow ⇕ | \Updownarrow |
↗ \nearrow ↗ | \nearrow | ↘ \searrow ↘ | \searrow |
↙ \swarrow ↙ | \swarrow | ↖ \nwarrow ↖ | \nwarrow |
(对于不喜欢键入长串字母的人,\iff和\implies可以分别替代\Longleftrightarrow和\ longrighttarrow)
5.点
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|
⋅ \cdot ⋅ | \cdot | ⋮ \vdots ⋮ | \vdots |
… \dots … | \dots | ⋱ \ddots ⋱ | \ddots |
⋯ \cdots ⋯ | \cdots | KaTeX parse error: Undefined control sequence: \iddots at position 1: \̲i̲d̲d̲o̲t̲s̲ | \iddots |
6.上标
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
x ^ \hat{x} x^ | \hat{x} | x ˇ \check{x} xˇ | \check{x} | x ˙ \dot{x} x˙ | \dot{x} |
x ˘ \breve{x} x˘ | \breve{x} | x ˊ \acute{x} xˊ | \acute{x} | x ¨ \ddot{x} x¨ | \ddot{x} |
x ˋ \grave{x} xˋ | \grave{x} | x ~ \tilde{x} x~ | \tilde{x} | x ˚ \mathring{x} x˚ | \mathring{x} |
x ˉ \bar{x} xˉ | \bar{x} | x ⃗ \vec{x} x | \vec{x} |
当对i和j应用上标时,可以使用\imath和\jmath来防止点干扰上标:
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|
ȷ ⃗ \vec{\jmath} ȷ | \vec{\jmath} | ı ~ \tilde{\imath} ı~ | \tilde{\imath} |
\tilde和\hat有很宽的版本,可以让你强调一个表达:
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|
7 + x ^ \widehat{7+x} 7+x |
\widehat{7+x} | a b c ~ \widetilde{abc} abc |
\widetilde{abc} |
7.其他
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
∞ \infty ∞ | \infty | △ \triangle △ | \triangle | ∠ \angle ∠ | \angle |
ℵ \aleph ℵ | \aleph | ℏ \hbar ℏ | \hbar | ı \imath ı | \imath |
ȷ \jmath ȷ | \jmath | ℓ \ell ℓ | \ell | ℘ \wp ℘ | \wp |
ℜ \Re ℜ | \Re | ℑ \Im ℑ | \Im | ℧ \mho ℧ | \mho |
′ \prime ′ | \prime | ∅ \emptyset ∅ | \emptyset | ∇ \nabla ∇ | \nabla |
√ \surd √ | \surd | ∂ \partial ∂ | \partial | ⊤ \top ⊤ | \top |
⊥ \bot ⊥ | \bot | ⊢ \vdash ⊢ | \vdash | ⊣ \dashv ⊣ | \dashv |
∀ \forall ∀ | \forall | ∃ \exists ∃ | \exists | ¬ \neg ¬ | \neg |
♭ \flat ♭ | \flat | ♮ \natural ♮ | \natural | ♯ \sharp ♯ | \sharp |
\ \backslash \ | \backslash | □ \Box □ | \Box | ◊ \Diamond ◊ | \Diamond |
♣ \clubsuit ♣ | \clubsuit | ♢ \diamondsuit ♢ | \diamondsuit | ♡ \heartsuit ♡ | \heartsuit |
♠ \spadesuit ♠ | \spadesuit | ⋈ \Join ⋈ | \Join | ■ \blacksquare ■ | \blacksquare |
✓ \checkmark ✓ | \checkmark | R \mathbb{R} R | \mathbb{R} | © \copyright c◯ | \copyright |
£ \pounds £ | \pounds | □ \square □ | \square | ∪ \cup ∪ | \cup |
★ \bigstar ★ | \bigstar | ∈ \in ∈ | \in |
8.命令符
有些符号用于命令中,因此需要以特殊的方式处理它们。
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\ \backslash \ | \backslash | & \& & | \& | % \% % | \% | # \# # | \# |
_ \_ _ | \_ | { \{ { |
\{ |
} \} } | \} |
您可能会注意到,如果使用其中任何一个来排版垂直较大的表达式,比如
(\frac{a}{x} )^2
得到的表达式的括号的大小不对
( a x ) 2 (\frac{a} {x} )^2 (xa)2
如果我们把\left和\right放在相关的括号前,我们会得到一个更漂亮的表达式:
\left(\frac{a}{x} \right)^2 会得到
( a x ) 2 \left(\frac{a}{x} \right)^2 (xa)2
9.跨行或跨列的符号:
symbol | command |
---|---|
{ x + y = 3 2 x + y = 5 \left\{\begin{array}{l}x+y=3\\2x+y=5\end{array}\right. { x+y=32x+y=5 |
\left{\begin{array}{l}x+y=3\2x+y=5\end{array}\right. |
⌈ x y ⌉ \left\lceil\frac{x}{y}\right\rceil ⌈yx⌉ | \left\lceil\frac{x}{y}\right\rceil |
⌊ x y ⌋ \left\lfloor\frac{x}{y}\right\rfloor ⌊yx⌋ | \left\lfloor\frac{x}{y}\right\rfloor |
a 0 + a 1 + a 2 + ⋯ + a n ⏟ x \underbrace{a_0+a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n}_{x} x a0+a1+a2+⋯+an |
\underbrace{a_0+a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n}_{x} |
a 0 + a 1 + a 2 + ⋯ + a n ⏞ x \overbrace{a_0+a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n}^{x} a0+a1+a2+⋯+an x |
\overbrace{a_0+a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n}^{x} |
arg m a x 1 ≤ k ≤ n λ k λ k + 1 \arg \underset{1\leq k \leq n} {max} \frac{\lambda_k}{\lambda_{k+1}} arg1≤k≤nmaxλk+1λk | \arg \underset{1\leq k \leq n} {max} \frac{\lambda_k}{\lambda_{k+1}} |
\left和\right也可以用来调整下列符号的大小:
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
↑ \uparrow ↑ | \uparrow | ↓ \downarrow ↓ | \downarrow | ↕ \updownarrow ↕ | \updownarrow |
⇑ \Uparrow ⇑ | \Uparrow | ⇓ \Downarrow ⇓ | \Downarrow | ⇕ \Updownarrow ⇕ | \Updownarrow |
Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command | Symbol | Command |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
∑ \sum ∑ | \sum | ∫ \int ∫ | \int | ∮ \oint ∮ | \oint |
∏ \prod ∏ | \prod | ∐ \coprod ∐ | \coprod | ⋂ \bigcap ⋂ | \bigcap |
⋃ \bigcup ⋃ | \bigcup | ⨆ \bigsqcup ⨆ | \bigsqcup | ⋁ \bigvee ⋁ | \bigvee |
⋀ \bigwedge ⋀ | \bigwedge | ⨀ \bigodot ⨀ | \bigodot | ⨂ \bigotimes ⨂ | \bigotimes |
⨁ \bigoplus ⨁ | \bigoplus | ⨄ \biguplus ⨄ | \biguplus |
换行符号 ’ \\’ 与空格符号’\quad’
Symbol | Command |
---|---|
a = 1 b = 2 a=1\\b=2 a=1b=2 | $ a=1 \\ b=2 $ |
a b a \qquad b ab | $ a \qquad b $ |
a b a \quad b ab | $ a \quad b $ |
a b a \ b a b | $ a\ b $ |
a b a \; b ab | $ a; b $ |
a b a \, b ab | $ a\ b $ |
a b ab ab | $ ab $ |
a b a \! b ab | $ a! b $ |
参考:
https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php/LaTeX:Symbols
https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php/LaTeX:Commands
今天的文章latex数学属于符号_数学符号△公式[通俗易懂]分享到此就结束了,感谢您的阅读。
版权声明:本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献,该文观点仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务,不拥有所有权,不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌侵权/违法违规的内容, 请发送邮件至 举报,一经查实,本站将立刻删除。
如需转载请保留出处:https://bianchenghao.cn/69209.html