gtk学习总结：GTK从入门到放弃，三天包教包会

今天花了一些时间复习之前学习过的gtk，感觉东西光学不用忘得好快啊，在这做个之前学过的内容的备份，希望对大家有用，也希望大家不要从入门到放弃。文中有些代码例子可能来自《GTK从入门到精通》吧，我不记得了，或者叫《GTK中文教程》，忘记了，总之，这是一个学习笔记，希望不触及任何人的利益，起到共享学习之用。

编译方法

$ gcc main.c `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-3.0`

或者使用gtk-2.0。

编译脚本

#!/bin/bash if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then echo "usage: $0 [main.c]" exit fi gcc -o a $1 `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-2.0`

01.一个简单的按钮

#include <gtk/gtk.h> //#include "temp.c" /* 这是一个回调函数。data 参数在本示例中被忽略。 * 后面有更多的回调函数示例。*/ void hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data ); } gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data ) { /* 如果你的 "delete_event" 信号处理函数返回 FALSE，GTK 会发出 "destroy" 信号。 * 返回 TRUE，你不希望关闭窗口。 * 当你想弹出“你确定要退出吗?”对话框时它很有用。*/ g_print ("delete event occurred\n"); /* 改 TRUE 为 FALSE 程序会关闭。*/ return FALSE; } /* 另一个回调函数 */ void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { /* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; /* 这个函数在所有的 GTK 程序都要调用。参数由命令行中解析出来并且送到该程序中*/ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); /* 当窗口收到 "delete_event" 信号 (这个信号由窗口管理器发出，通常是“关闭” * 选项或是标题栏上的关闭按钮发出的)，我们让它调用在前面定义的 delete_event() 函数。 * 传给回调函数的 data 参数值是 NULL，它会被回调函数忽略。*/ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL); /* 在这里我们连接 "destroy" 事件到一个信号处理函数。 * 对这个窗口调用 gtk_widget_destroy() 函数或在 "delete_event" 回调函数中返回 FALSE 值 * 都会触发这个事件。*/ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL); /* 设置窗口边框的宽度。*/ gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); /* 创建一个标签为 "Hello World" 的新按钮。*/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello World"); /* 当按钮收到 "clicked" 信号时会调用 hello() 函数，并将NULL传给 * 它作为参数。hello() 函数在前面定义了。*/ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (hello), "1"); /* 当点击按钮时，会通过调用 gtk_widget_destroy(window) 来关闭窗口。 * "destroy" 信号会从这里或从窗口管理器发出。*/ // g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", // G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy),window); /* 把按钮放入窗口 (一个 gtk 容器) 中。*/ gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button); /* 最后一步是显示新创建的按钮和窗口 */ gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); /* 所有的 GTK 程序必须有一个 gtk_main() 函数。程序运行停在这里 * 等待事件 (如键盘事件或鼠标事件) 的发生。*/ gtk_main (); return 0; }

02.两个按钮

#include <gtk/gtk.h> /* 我们新改进的回调函数。传递到该函数的数据将打印到标准输出(stdout)。*/ void callback( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { g_print ("%s ", (gchar *) data); } /* 另一个回调函数 */ gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); return FALSE; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { /* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *box1; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); /* 这是一个新的调用,设置窗口标题为"Hello Buttons!" */ gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Hello Buttons!"); /* 在这里我们为 delete_event 设置了一个处理函数来立即退出 GTK。*/ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL); /* 设置窗口边框的宽度。 */ gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 20); /* 我们创建了一个组装盒。详情参见“组装”章节。我们看不见组装盒,它仅被作为排列构件的工具。*/ box1 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 1); /* 把组装盒放入主窗口中。*/ gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1); /* 创建一个标签为 "Button 1" 的新按钮。*/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello"); /* 当按钮被按下时,我们调用 "callback" 函数,并将一个指向 "button 1" 的指针作为它的参数。*/ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "hello"); /* 代替 gtk_container_add,我们把按钮放入不可见的组装盒,该组合盒已经组装进窗口中了。*/ gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); /* 总是记住这一步,它告诉 GTK 我们为这个按钮做的准备工作已经完成了,现在可以显示它了。*/ gtk_widget_show (button); /* 同样创建第二个按钮。*/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("World"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "World"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX (box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (button); /* 同样创建第3个按钮。*/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("!"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "!"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX (box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (box1); gtk_widget_show (window); /* 停在这里等待事件发生。*/ gtk_main (); return 0; }

03.vbox：一张图片+一个按钮

/* 创建SPLASH窗口 splash.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> //主函数 int main (int argc,char* argv[]) { GtkWidget* window ; GtkWidget* vbox ; GtkWidget* image ; GtkWidget* button ; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_POPUP);//no boundary gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"Splash窗口"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); //gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20); //gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),500,400); //gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox); image = gtk_image_new_from_file("b.png"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,0); button = gtk_button_new_with_label("Splash窗口"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,0); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

04.一个简单的提示窗口：下一步+上一步+确定

/* 每日提示 tips.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> //XPM格式的图像数据，以C语言源代码形式存于文件中 static char * book_open_xpm[] = { "16 16 4 1", " c None s None", ". c black", "X c #", "o c white", " ", " .. ", " .Xo. ... ", " .Xoo. ..oo. ", " .Xooo.Xooo... ", " .Xooo.oooo.X. ", " .Xooo.Xooo.X. ", " .Xooo.oooo.X. ", " .Xooo.Xooo.X. ", " .Xooo.oooo.X. ", " .Xoo.Xoo..X. ", " .Xo.o..ooX. ", " .X..XXXXX. ", " ..X....... ", " .. ", " "}; //自定义提示信息 static gchar *info[5] = { "此软件用于测试每日提示功能的实现，如果你发现问题请及时回复。", "我们的目的是把GTK+2.0的大多数功能奉献给每一位自由软件爱好者和开发者。", "每一位Linux的支持者都会让我们增加一分信心，Linux最终仍是台式计算机操作系统。", "计算机软件技术是一种科学技术，它和人类历史上其他的科学技术一样，是允许每一人自由使用的。", "当前你测试完此程序后，请设法把它附加到你创作的软件当中去，这是你成功的第一步。" }; static GtkWidget *window; //主窗口 static GtkWidget *frame; //框架 static GtkWidget *pre_button; //上一提示按钮 static GtkWidget *next_button; //下一提示按钮 static GtkWidget *label; //提示信息内容标签 static GtkWidget *title; //框架的标题 gint current_info = 0 ;//当前提示信息计数 GtkWidget* create_title (GtkWidget *data) { //创建框架控件的标题 GtkWindow *title; GtkWidget *hbox; GtkWidget *image; GtkWidget *label; GdkPixmap *pixmap; GdkBitmap *mask; pixmap = gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm_d( data->window,&mask, &GTK_WIDGET(data)->style->white, book_open_xpm); image = gtk_image_new_from_pixmap(pixmap,NULL); label = gtk_label_new("新的标题"); hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,2); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,2); return hbox ; } GtkWidget* create_button (gchar* stockid,gchar* title) { //创建带图像的按钮 GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *image; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *hbox; image = gtk_image_new_from_stock(stockid,GTK_ICON_SIZE_MENU); label = gtk_label_new(title); hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,3); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3); button = gtk_button_new(); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),hbox); return button; } void pre_info (GtkButton *button,gpointer data) { //上一提示 gint i ; i = current_info - 1 ; if(i == -1) return ; if(i == 0 ) gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,FALSE); current_info = i ; gtk_widget_set_sensitive(next_button,TRUE); gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[current_info]); } void next_info (GtkButton *button,gpointer data) { //下一提示 gint i ; i = current_info + 1 ; if(i == 5) return ; if(i == 4) gtk_widget_set_sensitive(next_button,FALSE); current_info = i ; gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,TRUE); gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[current_info]); } int main ( int argc , char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *hbox ; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *bbox; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *image; GtkWidget *title; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"每日提示"); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10); gtk_widget_realize(window); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox); hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,TRUE,TRUE,5); image = gtk_image_new_from_file("l.bmp"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5); frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL); title = create_title(window); gtk_frame_set_label_widget(GTK_FRAME(frame),title); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),frame,TRUE,TRUE,5); label = gtk_label_new(NULL); gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[0]); gtk_label_set_line_wrap(GTK_LABEL(label),TRUE); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),label); bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new(); gtk_button_box_set_layout(GTK_BUTTON_BOX(bbox),GTK_BUTTONBOX_END); gtk_box_set_spacing(GTK_BOX(bbox),5); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),bbox,FALSE,FALSE,5); button = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("每次启动时显示"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5); pre_button = create_button(GTK_STOCK_GO_BACK,"上一提示"); gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,FALSE); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(pre_button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(pre_info),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),pre_button,FALSE,FALSE,5); next_button = create_button(GTK_STOCK_GO_FORWARD,"下一提示"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(next_button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(next_info),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),next_button,FALSE,FALSE,5); button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

效果：

05.多按钮：一个简单的键盘

#include <gtk/gtk.h> /* 我们的回调。 * 传到这个函数的数据被打印到标准输出 */ void callback( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { g_print ("%s", (char *) data); } /* 这个回调退出程序 */ gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); return FALSE; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *table; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); /* 设置窗口标题 */ gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Rong Tao's Keyboard"); /* 为 delete_event 设置一个立即退出 GTK 的处理函数。 */ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL); /* 设置窗口的边框宽度。 */ gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 20); /* 创建一个 2x2 的表 */ table = gtk_table_new (4, 20, TRUE); /* 将表放进主窗口 */ gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), table); /* 创建第一个按钮 */ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Q"); /* 当这个按钮被点击时,我们调用 "callback" 函数,并将一个指向"button 1"的指针作为它的参数 */ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "q"); /* 将 button 1 插入表的左上象限(quadrant) */ gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 0, 2, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("W"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "w"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 4, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("E"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "e"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 4, 6, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("R"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "r"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 8, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("T"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "t"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 8, 10, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Y"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "y"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 10, 12, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("U"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "u"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 12, 14, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("I"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "i"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 14, 16, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("O"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "o"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 18, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("P"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "p"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 18, 20, 0, 1); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("A"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "a"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 1, 3, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("S"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "s"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 3, 5, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("D"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "d"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 5, 7, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("F"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "f"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 7, 9, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("G"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "g"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 9, 11, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("H"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "h"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 11, 13, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("J"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "j"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 13, 15, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("K"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "k"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 15, 17, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("L"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "l"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 17, 19, 1, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("'"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "'"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 0, 2, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Z"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "z"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 4, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("X"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "x"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 4, 6, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("C"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "c"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 8, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("V"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "v"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 8, 10, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("B"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "b"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 10, 12, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("N"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "n"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 12, 14, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("M"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "m"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 14, 16, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label (","); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) ","); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 18, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("."); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "."); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 18, 20, 2, 3); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Enter"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "\n"); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 6, 3, 4); gtk_widget_show (button); /*********************/ button = gtk_button_new_with_label (" "); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) " "); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 16, 3, 4); gtk_widget_show (button); /* 创建"Quit"按钮 */ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit"); /* 当这个按钮被点击时,我们调用 "delete_event" 函数接着程序就退出了 */ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL); /* 将退出按钮插入表的下面两个象限 */ gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 19, 3, 4); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (table); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

06.一个简单的画图draw界面

/* 绘图软件 brush.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> static GtkWidget *window = NULL; static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL; static gboolean scribble_configure_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventConfigure *event,gpointer data) { if (pixmap) g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (pixmap)); pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new (widget->window, widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height,-1); gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->white_gc, TRUE,0,0,widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height); return TRUE; } static gboolean scribble_expose_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data) { gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window, widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)], pixmap, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.width, event->area.height); return FALSE; } static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y) { GdkRectangle update_rect; update_rect.x = x - 3; update_rect.y = y - 3; update_rect.width = 6; update_rect.height = 6; gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap, widget->style->black_gc, TRUE, update_rect.x, update_rect.y, update_rect.width, update_rect.height); gdk_window_invalidate_rect (widget->window, &update_rect, FALSE); } static gboolean scribble_button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventButton *event,gpointer data) { if (pixmap == NULL) return FALSE; if (event->button == 1) draw_brush (widget, event->x, event->y); return TRUE; } static gboolean scribble_motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventMotion *event,gpointer data) { int x, y; GdkModifierType state; if (pixmap == NULL) return FALSE; gdk_window_get_pointer (event->window, &x, &y, &state); if (state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK) draw_brush (widget, x, y); return TRUE; } static gboolean checkerboard_expose (GtkWidget *da, GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data) { gint i, j, xcount, ycount; GdkGC *gc1, *gc2; GdkColor color; #define CHECK_SIZE 10 #define SPACING 2 gc1 = gdk_gc_new (da->window); color.red = 30000; color.green = 0; color.blue = 30000; gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc1, &color); gc2 = gdk_gc_new (da->window); color.red = 65535; color.green = 65535; color.blue = 65535; gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc2, &color); xcount = 0; i = SPACING; while (i < da->allocation.width) { j = SPACING; ycount = xcount % 2; while (j < da->allocation.height) { GdkGC *gc; if (ycount % 2) gc = gc1; else gc = gc2; gdk_draw_rectangle (da->window, gc, TRUE, i, j, CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_SIZE); j += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING; ++ycount; } i += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING; ++xcount; } g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc1)); g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc2)); return TRUE; } int main (int argc,char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *frame; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *da; GtkWidget *label; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "绘图软件"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT(window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 8); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 8); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox); label = gtk_label_new (NULL); gtk_label_set_markup (GTK_LABEL (label),"<u>绘图区域</u>"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL); gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_IN); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, TRUE, TRUE, 0); da = gtk_drawing_area_new (); gtk_widget_set_size_request (da, 100, 100); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), da); g_signal_connect (da, "expose_event", G_CALLBACK (scribble_expose_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (da, "configure_event", G_CALLBACK (scribble_configure_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (da, "motion_notify_event", G_CALLBACK (scribble_motion_notify_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (da, "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK (scribble_button_press_event), NULL); gtk_widget_set_events (da, gtk_widget_get_events (da) | GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK | GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK); gtk_widget_show_all (window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

07.带图片的按钮

/* 带图像的按钮 button.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget* button,gpointer data) { //g_print("按钮 %s ",(gchar*)data); g_print("Button %s is pressed.\n",(gchar*)data); //g_print("被按了一下． \n"); } //创建自己按钮的函数 GtkWidget* create_button1 (void) { GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* image; GtkWidget* label; GtkWidget* button; char* title = "文件家"; image = gtk_image_new_from_file("dir2.jpg"); label = gtk_label_new(title); box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,2); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),5); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),image,FALSE,FALSE,3); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),label,FALSE,FALSE,3); gtk_widget_show(image); gtk_widget_show(label); button = gtk_button_new(); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),box); gtk_widget_show(box); return button ; } GtkWidget* create_button2 (void) { GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* image; GtkWidget* label; GtkWidget* button; char* title = "蝙蝠侠"; image = gtk_image_new_from_file("batman.jpg"); label = gtk_label_new(title); box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,2); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),5); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),image,FALSE,FALSE,3); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),label,FALSE,FALSE,3); gtk_widget_show(image); gtk_widget_show(label); button = gtk_button_new(); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),box); gtk_widget_show(box); return button ; } //主函数 int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* button1; GtkWidget* button2; GtkWidget* button3; GtkWidget* button4; gchar* title = "带图像和快捷键的按钮"; gchar* b1 = "Red apple";//"红苹果" gchar* b2 = "Small mushroom";//"小蘑菇" gchar* b3 = "Short key";//"快捷键" gchar* b4 = "OK";//"确认" gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); button1 = create_button1(); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5); button2 = create_button2(); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button2),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b2); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,5); button3 = gtk_button_new_with_mnemonic("快捷键(_H)"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button3),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b3); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,5); button4 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button4),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b4); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE ; }

08.多选按钮check button

/* 多项选择窗口 checkbutton.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> gboolean isbold = FALSE ; gboolean isitli = FALSE ; gboolean isuline = FALSE ; gboolean iscolor = FALSE ; void on_check_clicked (GtkWidget* check,gint data) { switch((int)data) { case 1: isbold = !isbold; break; case 2: isitli = !isitli; break; case 3: isuline = !isuline; break; case 4: iscolor = !iscolor; break; } } void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget *button,gpointer data) { g_print("字体配置为："); if(isbold) g_print("粗体 "); if(isitli) g_print("斜体 "); if(isuline) g_print("下划线 "); if(iscolor) g_print("彩色 "); if( !isbold && !iscolor && !isuline && !isitli ) g_print("正常，无任何选项"); g_print("\n"); } //主函数 int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* frame; GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* button; GtkWidget* box1; GtkWidget* check1; GtkWidget* check2; GtkWidget* check3; GtkWidget* check4; char* title = "多项选择窗口"; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); frame = gtk_frame_new("字体选项："); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5); box1 = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box1); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box1),10); gtk_widget_show(box); check1 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 粗体 "); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check1),"released", G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check1,FALSE,FALSE,3); check2 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 斜体 "); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check2),"released", G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)2); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check2,FALSE,FALSE,3); check3 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 下划线 "); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check3),"released", G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)3); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check3,FALSE,FALSE,3); check4 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 彩色 "); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check4),"released", G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)4); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check4,FALSE,FALSE,3); button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL); g_signal_connect_swapped(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(gtk_widget_destroy),window); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE ; }

09.单选按钮radio button

这里给出两个例子

#include <glib.h> #include <gtk/gtk.h> gint close_application( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); return FALSE; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window = NULL; GtkWidget *box1; GtkWidget *box2; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *separator; GSList *group; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (close_application), NULL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "radio buttons"); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 0); box1 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1); gtk_widget_show (box1); box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label (NULL, "Leonvel"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (button); group = gtk_radio_button_get_group (GTK_RADIO_BUTTON (button)); button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label (group, "Rong"); gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (button), TRUE); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (button); button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label_from_widget (GTK_RADIO_BUTTON (button), "Tao"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (button); separator = gtk_hseparator_new (); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), separator, FALSE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (separator); box2 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, FALSE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close"); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (close_application), window); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT); gtk_widget_grab_default (button); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

第二个例子

/* 单项选择窗口 radiobutton.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> static gchar* red = " 红色 " ; static gchar* green = " 绿色 " ; static gchar* yellow = " 黄色 " ; static gchar* blue = " 蓝色 " ; void on_radio_clicked (GtkWidget* radio,gint data) { g_print("你选择的颜色是："); switch((int)data) { case 1: g_print("%s",red); break; case 2: g_print("%s",green); break; case 3: g_print("%s",yellow); break; case 4: g_print("%s",blue); break; } g_print("\n"); } //主函数 int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* frame; GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* box1; GtkWidget* button1; GtkWidget* radio1; GtkWidget* radio2; GtkWidget* radio3; GtkWidget* radio4; GSList* group; gchar* title = "单项选择窗口" ; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); frame = gtk_frame_new("请选择一种颜色："); gtk_frame_set_shadow_type(GTK_FRAME(frame),GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5); box1 = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,10); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box1),10); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box1); radio1 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(NULL,red);//红色 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio1),"released", G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio1,FALSE,FALSE,5); //创建多选按钮组 group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio1)); radio2 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,green);//绿色 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio2),"released", G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)2); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio2,FALSE,FALSE,5); group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio2)); radio3 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,yellow);//黄色 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio3),"released", G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)3); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio3,FALSE,FALSE,5); group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio3)); radio4 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,blue);//蓝色 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio4),"released", G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)4); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio4,FALSE,FALSE,5); button1 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE ; }

10.控制条scrollbar

#include <gtk/gtk.h> GtkWidget *hscale, *vscale; void cb_pos_menu_select( GtkWidget *item, GtkPositionType pos ) { /* 设置两个比例构件的比例值的显示位置 */ gtk_scale_set_value_pos (GTK_SCALE (hscale), pos); gtk_scale_set_value_pos (GTK_SCALE (vscale), pos); } void cb_update_menu_select( GtkWidget *item, GtkUpdateType policy ) { /* 设置两个比例构件的更新方式 */ gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (hscale), policy); gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (vscale), policy); } void cb_digits_scale( GtkAdjustment *adj ) { /* 设置 adj->value 圆整的小数位数 */ gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (hscale), (gint) adj->value); gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (vscale), (gint) adj->value); } void cb_page_size( GtkAdjustment *get, GtkAdjustment *set ) { /* 将示例调整对象的 page size 和 page increment size 设置 * 为"Page Size"比例构件指定的值 */ set->page_size = get->value; set->page_increment = get->value; /* 设置调整对象的值并使它引发一个 "changed" 信号,以重新配置所有 * 已经连接到这个调整对象的构件。 */ gtk_adjustment_set_value (set, CLAMP (set->value, set->lower, (set->upper - set->page_size))); } void cb_draw_value( GtkToggleButton *button ) { /* 根据复选按钮的状态设置在比例构件上是否显示比例值 */ gtk_scale_set_draw_value (GTK_SCALE (hscale), button->active); gtk_scale_set_draw_value (GTK_SCALE (vscale), button->active); } /* 方便的函数 */ GtkWidget *make_menu_item (gchar *name, GCallback callback, gpointer data) { GtkWidget *item; item = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (name); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (item), "activate", callback, data); gtk_widget_show (item); return item; } void scale_set_default_values( GtkScale *scale ) { gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (scale), GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS); gtk_scale_set_digits (scale, 1); gtk_scale_set_value_pos (scale, GTK_POS_TOP); gtk_scale_set_draw_value (scale, TRUE); } /* 创建示例窗口 */ void create_range_controls( void ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *box1, *box2, *box3; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *scrollbar; GtkWidget *separator; GtkWidget *opt, *menu, *item; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *scale; GtkObject *adj1, *adj2; /* 标准的创建窗口代码 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "RT's range controls"); box1 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1); gtk_widget_show (box1); box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); /* value, lower, upper, step_increment, page_increment, page_size */ /* 注意,page_size 值只对滚动条构件有区别,并且,你实际上能取得的最高值 * 是(upper - page_size)。 */ adj1 = gtk_adjustment_new (0.0, 0.0, 101.0, 0.1, 1.0, 1.0); vscale = gtk_vscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1)); scale_set_default_values (GTK_SCALE (vscale)); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), vscale, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (vscale); box3 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), box3, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box3); /* 重新使用同一个调整对象 */ hscale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1)); gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (hscale), 200, -1); scale_set_default_values (GTK_SCALE (hscale)); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box3), hscale, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (hscale); /* 再次重用同一个调整对象 */ scrollbar = gtk_hscrollbar_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1)); /* 注意,这导致当滚动条移动时,比例构件总是连续更新 */ gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (scrollbar), GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box3), scrollbar, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (scrollbar); box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); /* 用一个复选按钮控制是否显示比例构件的值 */ button = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("Display value on scale widgets"); gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (button), TRUE); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "toggled", G_CALLBACK (cb_draw_value), NULL); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (button); box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); /* 用一个选项菜单以改变显示值的位置 */ label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Value Position:"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show (label); opt = gtk_option_menu_new (); menu = gtk_menu_new (); item = make_menu_item ("Top", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select), GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_TOP)); gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item); item = make_menu_item ("Bottom", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select), GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_BOTTOM)); gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item); item = make_menu_item ("Left", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select), GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_LEFT)); gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item); item = make_menu_item ("Right", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select), GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_RIGHT)); gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item); gtk_option_menu_set_menu (GTK_OPTION_MENU (opt), menu); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), opt, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (opt); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); /* 另一个选项菜单,这里是用于设置比例构件的更新方式 */ label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Update Policy:"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show (label); opt = gtk_option_menu_new (); menu = gtk_menu_new (); item = make_menu_item ("Continuous", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select), GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS)); gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item); item = make_menu_item ("Discontinuous", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select), GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_DISCONTINUOUS)); gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item); item = make_menu_item ("Delayed", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select), GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_DELAYED)); gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item); gtk_option_menu_set_menu (GTK_OPTION_MENU (opt), menu); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), opt, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (opt); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); /* 一个水平比例构件,用于调整示例比例构件的显示小数位数。 */ label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Digits:"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show (label); adj2 = gtk_adjustment_new (1.0, 0.0, 5.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (adj2), "value_changed", G_CALLBACK (cb_digits_scale), NULL); scale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj2)); gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (scale), 0); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), scale, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (scale); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); /* 以及,最后一个水平比例构件用于调整滚动条的 page size。 */ label = gtk_label_new ("Scrollbar Page Size:"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show (label); adj2 = gtk_adjustment_new (1.0, 1.0, 101.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (adj2), "value_changed", G_CALLBACK (cb_page_size), adj1); scale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj2)); gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (scale), 0); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), scale, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (scale); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); separator = gtk_hseparator_new (); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), separator, FALSE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (separator); box2 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, FALSE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (box2); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit"); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT); gtk_widget_grab_default (button); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { gtk_init (&argc, &argv); create_range_controls (); gtk_main (); return 0; }

11.箭头按钮create_arrow_button

#include <gtk/gtk.h> /* 用指定的参数创建一个箭头构件并将它组装到按钮中 */ GtkWidget *create_arrow_button( GtkArrowType arrow_type, GtkShadowType shadow_type ) { GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *arrow; button = gtk_button_new (); arrow = gtk_arrow_new (arrow_type, shadow_type); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), arrow); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (arrow); return button; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { /* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *box; /* 初始化 */ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Arrow Buttons"); /* 对所有的窗口都这样做是一个好主意 */ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); /* 设置窗口的边框的宽度 */ gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); /* 建一个组装盒以容纳箭头/按钮 */ box = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 2); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box); /* 组装、显示所有的构件 */ gtk_widget_show (box); button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_UP, GTK_SHADOW_IN); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3); button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_DOWN, GTK_SHADOW_OUT); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3); button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_LEFT, GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_IN); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3); button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_RIGHT, GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3); gtk_widget_show (window); /* 进入主循环,等待用户的动作 */ gtk_main (); return 0; }

12.标签label

#include <gtk/gtk.h> int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { static GtkWidget *window = NULL; GtkWidget *hbox; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *frame; GtkWidget *label; /* 初始化 */ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Label"); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5); hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 5); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), hbox); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 5); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Normal Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Normal label"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Multi-line Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Multi-line label.\nSecond line\n" \ "Third line"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Left Justified Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Left-Justified\n" \ "Multi-line label.\nThird line"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Right Justified Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Right-Justified\nMulti-line label.\n" \ "Fourth line, (j/k)"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Line wrapped label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped label. It " \ /* 用一段较长的空白字符来测试空白的自动排列 */ "should not be taking up the entire" \ "width allocated to it, but automatically " \ "wraps the words to fit. " \ "The time has come, for all good men, to come to " \ "the aid of their party. " \ "The sixth sheik's six sheep's sick.\n" \ "It supports multiple paragraphs correctly, " \ "and correctly adds "\ "many extra spaces. "); gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Filled, wrapped label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped, filled label. " \ "It should be taking "\ "up the entire width allocated to it. " \ "Here is a sentence to prove "\ "my point. Here is another sentence. "\ "Here comes the sun, do de do de do.\n"\ " This is a new paragraph.\n"\ " This is another newer, longer, better " \ "paragraph. It is coming to an end, "\ "unfortunately."); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_FILL); gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Underlined label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This label is underlined!\n" "This one is underlined in quite a funky fashion"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT); gtk_label_set_pattern (GTK_LABEL (label), "_________________________ _ _________ _ ________ _______ ___"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show_all (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

12.子窗口：触发事件打开窗口

#include <gtk/gtk.h> gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data ) { g_print ("delete event occurred\n"); /* 改 TRUE 为 FALSE 程序会关闭。*/ return FALSE; } /* 另一个回调函数 */ void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); } void hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { g_print ("Hello World\n"); } void New_window( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello world !"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (hello), "1"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data ); } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Open hello world"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (New_window), "1"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

13.进度条progressbar

#include <gtk/gtk.h> typedef struct _ProgressData { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *pbar; int timer; gboolean activity_mode; } ProgressData; /* 更新进度条,这样就能够看到进度条的移动 */ gint progress_timeout( gpointer data ) { ProgressData *pdata = (ProgressData *)data; gdouble new_val; if (pdata->activity_mode) { gtk_progress_bar_pulse (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)); } else { /* 使用在调整对象中设置的取值范围计算进度条的值 */ new_val = gtk_progress_bar_get_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)) + 0.01; if (new_val > 1.0) new_val = 0.0; /* 设置进度条的新值 */ gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), new_val); } /* 这是一个 timeout 函数,返回 TRUE,这样它就能够继续被调用 */ return TRUE; } /* 回调函数,切换在进度条你的滑槽上的文本显示 */ void toggle_show_text( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata ) { const gchar *text; text = gtk_progress_bar_get_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)); if (text && *text) gtk_progress_bar_set_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), ""); else gtk_progress_bar_set_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), "some text"); } /* 回调函数,切换进度条的活动模式 */ void toggle_activity_mode( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata ) { pdata->activity_mode = !pdata->activity_mode; if (pdata->activity_mode) gtk_progress_bar_pulse (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)); else gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), 0.0); } /* 回调函数,切换进度条的移动方向 */ void toggle_orientation( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata ) { switch (gtk_progress_bar_get_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar))) { case GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT: gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), GTK_PROGRESS_RIGHT_TO_LEFT); break; case GTK_PROGRESS_RIGHT_TO_LEFT: gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT); break; default:; // 什么也不做 } } /* 清除分配的内存,删除定时器(timer) */ void destroy_progress( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata) { gtk_timeout_remove (pdata->timer); pdata->timer = 0; pdata->window = NULL; g_free (pdata); gtk_main_quit (); } int main( int argc, char *argv[]) { ProgressData *pdata; GtkWidget *align; GtkWidget *separator; GtkWidget *table; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *check; GtkWidget *vbox; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 为传递到回调函数中的数据分配内存 */ pdata = g_malloc (sizeof (ProgressData)); pdata->window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_resizable (GTK_WINDOW (pdata->window), TRUE); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (pdata->window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy_progress), pdata); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (pdata->window), "GtkProgressBar"); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (pdata->window), 10); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 10); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (pdata->window), vbox); gtk_widget_show (vbox); /* 创建一个居中对齐的对象 */ align = gtk_alignment_new (0.5, 0.5, 0, 0); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), align, FALSE, FALSE, 5); gtk_widget_show (align); /* 创建进度条 */ pdata->pbar = gtk_progress_bar_new (); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (align), pdata->pbar); gtk_widget_show (pdata->pbar); /* 加一个定时器(timer),以更新进度条的值 */ pdata->timer = gtk_timeout_add (200, progress_timeout, pdata); separator = gtk_hseparator_new (); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), separator, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show (separator); /* 行数、列数、同质性(homogeneous) */ table = gtk_table_new (3, 2, FALSE); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), table, FALSE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (table); /* 添加一个复选按钮,以选择是否显示在滑槽里的文本 */ check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Show text"); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 0, 1, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (toggle_show_text), pdata); gtk_widget_show (check); /* 添加一个复选按钮,切换活动状态 */ check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Activity mode"); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 1, 2, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (toggle_activity_mode), pdata); gtk_widget_show (check); /* 添加一个复选按钮,切换移动方向 */ check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Right to Left"); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 2, 3, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (toggle_orientation), pdata); gtk_widget_show (check); /* 添加一个按钮,用来退出应用程序 */ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close"); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), pdata->window); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0); /* 将按钮设置为能缺省的构件 */ GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT); /* 将缺省焦点设置到这个按钮上,使之成为缺省按钮,只要按回车键 * 就相当于点击了这个按钮 */ //译者注: 能缺省的构件在获取焦点后成为缺省构件,用户按方向键等可以切换焦点。 gtk_widget_grab_default (button); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (pdata->window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

14.窗口标尺gtk_hruler_new

#include <gtk/gtk.h> #define EVENT_METHOD(i, x) GTK_WIDGET_GET_CLASS(i)->x #define XSIZE 600 #define YSIZE 400 /* 当点击"close"按钮时,退出应用程序 */ gint close_application( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); return FALSE; } /* 主函数 */ int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window, *table, *area, *hrule, *vrule; /* 初始化,创建主窗口 */ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (close_application), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); /* 创建一个组装表,绘图区和标尺放在里面 */ table = gtk_table_new (3, 2, FALSE); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), table); area = gtk_drawing_area_new (); gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (area), XSIZE, YSIZE); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), area, 1, 2, 1, 2, GTK_EXPAND|GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 0, 0); gtk_widget_set_events (area, GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK); /* 水平标尺放在顶部。鼠标移动穿过绘图区时,一个 * motion_notify_event 被传递给标尺的相应的事件处理函数 */ hrule = gtk_hruler_new (); gtk_ruler_set_metric (GTK_RULER (hrule), GTK_PIXELS); gtk_ruler_set_range (GTK_RULER (hrule), 0, 50, 0, 20); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (area), "motion_notify_event", G_CALLBACK (EVENT_METHOD (hrule, motion_notify_event)), hrule); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), hrule, 1, 2, 0, 1, GTK_EXPAND|GTK_SHRINK|GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 0, 0); /* 垂直标尺放在左边。当鼠标移动穿过绘图区时,一个 * motion_notify_event 被传递到标尺相应的事件处理函数中 */ vrule = gtk_vruler_new (); gtk_ruler_set_metric (GTK_RULER (vrule), GTK_PIXELS); gtk_ruler_set_range (GTK_RULER (vrule), 0, YSIZE, 10, YSIZE ); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (area), "motion_notify_event", G_CALLBACK (EVENT_METHOD (vrule, motion_notify_event)), vrule); gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), vrule, 0, 1, 1, 2, GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND|GTK_SHRINK|GTK_FILL, 0, 0); /* 现在显示所有的构件 */ gtk_widget_show (area); gtk_widget_show (hrule); gtk_widget_show (vrule); gtk_widget_show (table); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

15.状态栏（条）gtk_statusbar_new

#include <stdlib.h> #include <gtk/gtk.h> #include <glib.h> GtkWidget *status_bar; void push_item( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { static int count = 1; char buff[20]; g_snprintf (buff, 20, "Item %d", count++); gtk_statusbar_push (GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), GPOINTER_TO_INT (data), buff); return; } void pop_item( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { gtk_statusbar_pop (GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), GPOINTER_TO_INT (data)); return; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *button; gint context_id; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 200, 100); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GTK Statusbar Example"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 1); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox); gtk_widget_show (vbox); status_bar = gtk_statusbar_new (); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), status_bar, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (status_bar); context_id = gtk_statusbar_get_context_id( GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), "Statusbar example"); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("push item"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (push_item), GINT_TO_POINTER (context_id)); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("pop last item"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (pop_item), GINT_TO_POINTER (context_id)); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 2); gtk_widget_show (button); /* 将窗口最后显示,让整个窗口一次性出现在屏幕上. */ gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

另一个例子

/* 状态栏 status.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> static GtkWidget *statusbar; gint i = 0 ; void on_push_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data) { char message[1024]; i++ ; sprintf(message,"这是输入的第 %d 条消息．",i); gtk_statusbar_push(GTK_STATUSBAR(statusbar),i,message); } void on_pop_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data) { if (i<0) return ; gtk_statusbar_pop(GTK_STATUSBAR(statusbar),i); i--; } void on_popped (GtkStatusbar* statusbar,guint id,const gchar* text) { if(!statusbar->messages) i = 0; } int main ( int argc , char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *vbox,*hbox; GtkWidget *button; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"状态栏"); // gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox); statusbar = gtk_statusbar_new(); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(statusbar),"text-popped", G_CALLBACK(on_popped),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),statusbar,FALSE,FALSE,5); hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5); button = gtk_button_new_with_label("推入"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_push_clicked),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,TRUE,TRUE,5); button = gtk_button_new_with_label("弹出"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_pop_clicked),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,TRUE,TRUE,5); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

16.文本输入gtk_entry_new：可见/不可见，可输入/不可输入

#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <gtk/gtk.h> void enter_callback( GtkWidget *widget, GtkWidget *entry ) { const gchar *entry_text; entry_text = gtk_entry_get_text (GTK_ENTRY (entry)); printf("Entry contents: %s\n", entry_text); } void entry_toggle_editable( GtkWidget *checkbutton, GtkWidget *entry ) { gtk_editable_set_editable (GTK_EDITABLE (entry), GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (checkbutton)->active); } void entry_toggle_visibility( GtkWidget *checkbutton, GtkWidget *entry ) { gtk_entry_set_visibility (GTK_ENTRY (entry), GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (checkbutton)->active); } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *vbox, *hbox; GtkWidget *entry; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *check; gint tmp_pos; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 200, 100); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GTK Entry"); //g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", // G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox); gtk_widget_show (vbox); entry = gtk_entry_new (); gtk_entry_set_max_length (GTK_ENTRY (entry), 50); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (entry), "activate", G_CALLBACK (enter_callback), entry); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (entry), "hello"); tmp_pos = GTK_ENTRY (entry)->text_length; gtk_editable_insert_text (GTK_EDITABLE (entry), " world", -1, &tmp_pos); gtk_editable_select_region (GTK_EDITABLE (entry), 0, GTK_ENTRY (entry)->text_length); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), entry, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (entry); hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), hbox); gtk_widget_show (hbox); check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Editable"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), check, TRUE, TRUE, 0); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "toggled", G_CALLBACK (entry_toggle_editable), entry); gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (check), TRUE); gtk_widget_show (check); check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Visible"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), check, TRUE, TRUE, 0); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "toggled", G_CALLBACK (entry_toggle_visibility), entry); gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (check), TRUE); gtk_widget_show (check); button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_CLOSE); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT); gtk_widget_grab_default (button); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main(); return 0; }

规定最大长度的gtk_entry_new_with_max_length

#include<gtk/gtk.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<stdlib.h> GtkWidget *_nx, *_nz, *_dx, *_dz, *_npd, *_mm; GtkWidget *_vel, *_epsilu, *_deta, *_shot, *_snap; GtkWidget *_favg, *_fs, *_ds, *_ns, *_zs; gint nx, nz, npd, mm, fs, ds, ns, zs; gfloat dx, dz, favg; void debug(GtkWidget *window,gpointer data) { gtk_main_quit(); } void write_txt(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data) { const char*str_nx=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_nx)); const char*str_nz=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_nz)); const char*str_dx=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_dx)); const char*str_dz=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_dz)); const char*str_npd=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_npd)); const char*str_mm=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_mm)); const char*str_vel=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_vel)); const char*str_epsilu=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_epsilu)); const char*str_deta=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_deta)); const char*str_favg=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_favg)); const char*str_fs=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_fs)); const char*str_ns=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_ns)); const char*str_ds=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_ds)); const char*str_zs=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_zs)); const char*str_shot=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_shot)); const char*str_snap=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_snap)); nx=strtod(str_nx,NULL); nz=strtod(str_nz,NULL); dx=strtod(str_dx,NULL); dz=strtod(str_dz,NULL); npd=strtod(str_npd,NULL); mm=strtod(str_mm,NULL); favg=strtod(str_favg,NULL); fs=strtod(str_fs,NULL); ns=strtod(str_ns,NULL); ds=strtod(str_ds,NULL); zs=strtod(str_zs,NULL); } int main(int argc,char* argv[]){ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *table; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"RT's VTI model"); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); //gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),400,400); g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(debug),NULL); table=gtk_table_new(13,6,FALSE); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),table); label=gtk_label_new("Model parameter:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,0,1); /*** nx ***/ label=gtk_label_new("nx="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,1,2); _nx=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_nx), "100"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_nx,1,2,1,2); /*** dx ***/ label=gtk_label_new("dx="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,1,2); _dx=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_dx), "5"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_dx,3,4,1,2); /*** npd ***/ label=gtk_label_new("npd="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,1,2); _npd=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_npd), "20"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_npd,5,6,1,2); /*** nz ***/ label=gtk_label_new("nz="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,2,3); _nz=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_nz), "100"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_nz,1,2,2,3); /*** dz ***/ label=gtk_label_new("dz="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,2,3); _dz=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_dz), "5"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_dz,3,4,2,3); /*** mm ***/ label=gtk_label_new("mm="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,2,3); _mm=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_mm), "4"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_mm,5,6,2,3); label=gtk_label_new("Input Filename:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,3,4); /*** vel ***/ label=gtk_label_new("vel:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,4,5); _vel=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_vel), "vel.dat"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_vel,1,4,4,5); /*** epsilu ***/ label=gtk_label_new("epsilu:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,5,6); _epsilu=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_epsilu), "epsilu.dat"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_epsilu,1,4,5,6); /*** deta ***/ label=gtk_label_new("deta:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,6,7); _deta=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_deta), "deta.dat"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_deta,1,4,6,7); label=gtk_label_new("ShotParas:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,7,8); /*** ns ***/ label=gtk_label_new("ns="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,8,9); _ns=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_ns), "1"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_ns,1,2,8,9); /*** favg ***/ label=gtk_label_new("favg="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,8,9); _favg=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_favg), "20"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_favg,3,4,8,9); /*** fs ***/ label=gtk_label_new("fs="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,9,10); _fs=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_fs), "1"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_fs,1,2,9,10); /*** ds ***/ label=gtk_label_new("ds="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,9,10); _ds=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_ds), "0"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_ds,3,4,9,10); /*** zs ***/ label=gtk_label_new("zs="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,9,10); _zs=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_zs), "1"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_zs,5,6,9,10); label=gtk_label_new("Output Filename:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,10,11); /*** shot ***/ label=gtk_label_new("shot="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,11,12); _shot=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_shot), "shot.dat"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_shot,1,4,11,12); /*** snap ***/ label=gtk_label_new("snap="); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,12,13); _snap=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_snap), "snap.dat"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_snap,1,4,12,13); label=gtk_label_new("Please ensure all parameters input accuratlly !"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,10,13,14); /*** run button ***/ button=gtk_button_new_with_label("RUN"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(write_txt),NULL); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,5,6,12,13); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return 0; }

输入文本执行一条命令

/* 命令工具 command.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> static GtkWidget *entry; void on_button_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data) { const gchar* command; command = gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY(entry)); system(command); } int main ( int argc , char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *hbox; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *button; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"命令窗口"); //gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),hbox); label = gtk_label_new("输入命令："); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5); entry = gtk_entry_new(); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),entry,TRUE,TRUE,5); button = gtk_button_new_with_label("执行"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

17.文件选择：gtk_file_selection_new

#include <gtk/gtk.h> /* 获得文件名,并将它打印到控制台(console)上 */ void file_ok_sel( GtkWidget *w, GtkFileSelection *fs ) { g_print ("Filename:%s\n", gtk_file_selection_get_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (fs))); } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *filew; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新的文件选择构件 */ filew = gtk_file_selection_new ("File selection"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (filew), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); /* 为 ok_button 按钮设置回调函数,连接到 file_ok_sel function 函数 */ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (filew)->ok_button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (file_ok_sel), filew); /* 为 cancel_button 设置回调函数,销毁构件 */ g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (filew)->cancel_button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), filew); /* 设置文件名,比如这个一个文件保存对话框,我们给了一个缺省文件名 */ gtk_file_selection_set_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION(filew), "penguin.png"); gtk_widget_show (filew); gtk_main (); return 0; }

给另一个例子，选择一个VTI介质模型参数

#include <gtk/gtk.h> #include <stdlib.h> GtkWidget *file,*_vel,*_deta,*_epsilu; void file_OK( GtkWidget *w, gpointer *data ) { gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (data), gtk_file_selection_get_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file))); gtk_widget_destroy (file); } void select_file(GtkWidget *w,gpointer *data) { file= gtk_file_selection_new ("File selection"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file)->ok_button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (file_OK), data); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file)->cancel_button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), NULL); gtk_widget_show (file); } /* 创建一个新的横向盒,它包含一个图像和一个标签,并返回这个盒。*/ GtkWidget *xpm_label_box( gchar *xpm_filename, gchar *label_text ) { GtkWidget *box; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *image; /* 为图像和标签创建盒 */ box = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 10); /* 创建一个图像 */ image = gtk_image_new_from_file (xpm_filename); /* 为按钮创建一个标签 */ label = gtk_label_new (label_text); /* 把图像和标签组装到盒子里 */ gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), image, TRUE, TRUE, 3); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), label, TRUE, TRUE, 3); gtk_widget_show (image); gtk_widget_show (label); return box; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *table; GtkWidget *box; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"RT's VTI model"); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_main_quit),NULL); table=gtk_table_new(3,8,TRUE); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),table); label=gtk_label_new("Input Filename:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,2,0,1); /******************* vel *******************/ label=gtk_label_new("vel:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,1,2); _vel=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_vel), "vel.dat"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_vel,1,7,1,2); button=gtk_button_new(); box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_vel); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,1,2); /******************* epsilu *******************/ label=gtk_label_new("epsilu:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,2,3); _epsilu=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_epsilu), "epsilu.dat"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_epsilu,1,7,2,3); //button=gtk_button_new_with_label("..."); button=gtk_button_new(); box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_epsilu); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,2,3); /******************* deta *******************/ label=gtk_label_new("deta:"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,3,4); _deta=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100); gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_deta), "deta.dat"); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_deta,1,7,3,4); //button=gtk_button_new_with_label("..."); button=gtk_button_new(); box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_deta); gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,3,4); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

18.事件盒子gtk_event_box_new

#include <stdlib.h> #include <gtk/gtk.h> int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *event_box; GtkWidget *label; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Event Box"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); /* 创建一个事件盒,然后将它加到顶级窗口上 */ event_box = gtk_event_box_new (); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), event_box); gtk_widget_show (event_box); /* 创建一个长标签 */ label = gtk_label_new ("Click here to quit, quit, quit, quit, quit"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (event_box), label); gtk_widget_show (label); /* 将标签剪裁短。 */ gtk_widget_set_size_request (label, 110, 20); /* 为它绑定一个动作 */ gtk_widget_set_events (event_box, GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (event_box), "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL); /* 又是一个要有 X 窗口的东西... */ //译者注: 要设置鼠标式样也要有 X 窗口。gtk_widget_realize 使构件在没有 show 之前就形成 X 窗口。 gtk_widget_realize (event_box); gdk_window_set_cursor (event_box->window, gdk_cursor_new (GDK_HAND1)); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

19.固定容器：gtk_fixed_new

#include <gtk/gtk.h> /* 我准备偷点懒,用一些全局变量储存固定容器里构件的位置。 */ gint x = 50; gint y = 50; /* 这个回调函数将按钮移动到固定容器的新位置。 */ void move_button( GtkWidget *widget, GtkWidget *fixed ) { x = (x + 30) % 300; y = (y + 50) % 300; gtk_fixed_move (GTK_FIXED (fixed), widget, x, y); } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { /* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *fixed; GtkWidget *button; gint i; /* 初始化 */ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Fixed Container"); /* 为窗口的 "destroy" 事件设置一个信号处理函数 */ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); /* 设置窗口的边框宽度 */ gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); /* 创建一个固定容器 */ fixed = gtk_fixed_new (); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), fixed); gtk_widget_show (fixed); for (i = 1 ; i <= 3 ; i++) { /* 创建一个标签为"Press me"的新按钮 */ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Press me"); /* 当按钮接收到 "clicked" 信号时,调用 move_button() 函数,并把这个固定 * 容器作为参数传给它 */ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (move_button), fixed); /* 将按钮组装到一个固定容器的窗口中 */ gtk_fixed_put (GTK_FIXED (fixed), button, i*10, i*10); /* 最后一步是显示新建的构件 */ gtk_widget_show (button); } /* 显示窗口 */ gtk_widget_show (window); /* 进入事件循环 */ gtk_main (); return 0; }

点击按钮后，按钮位置发生变化，挺好玩的

20.一个简单的frame：gtk_frame_new（不同于java的JFrame）

#include <gtk/gtk.h> int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { /* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */ GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *frame; /* 初始化 */ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新窗口 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Frame Example"); /* 在这里我们将 "destroy" 事件连接到一个回调函数 */ g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_widget_set_size_request (window, 300, 300); /* 设置窗口的边框宽度 */ gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); /* 创建一个框架 */ frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), frame); /* 设置框架的标签 */ gtk_frame_set_label (GTK_FRAME (frame), "GTK Frame Widget"); /* 将标签定位在框架的右边 */ gtk_frame_set_label_align (GTK_FRAME (frame), 1.0, 1.0); /* 设置框架的风格 */ gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT); gtk_widget_show (frame); /* 显示窗口 */ gtk_widget_show (window); /* 进入事件循环 */ gtk_main (); return 0; }

gtk_aspect_frame_new：更多选项的frame

#include <gtk/gtk.h> int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *aspect_frame; GtkWidget *drawing_area; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Aspect Frame"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); /* 创建一个比例框架,将它添加到顶级窗口中 */ aspect_frame = gtk_aspect_frame_new ("2x1", /* label */ 0.5, /* center x */ 0.5, /* center y */ 2, /* xsize/ysize = 2 */ FALSE /* ignore child's aspect */); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), aspect_frame); gtk_widget_show (aspect_frame); /* 添加一个子构件到比例框架中 */ drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new (); /* 要求一个 200×200 的窗口,但是比例框架会给出一个 200×100 * 的窗口,因为我们已经指定了 2×1 的比例值 */ gtk_widget_set_size_request (drawing_area, 200, 200); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (aspect_frame), drawing_area); gtk_widget_show (drawing_area); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

21.滚动窗口：gtk_scrolled_window_new

#include <stdio.h> #include <gtk/gtk.h> /* 创建一个"信息"列表 */ GtkWidget *create_list( void ) { GtkWidget *scrolled_window; GtkWidget *tree_view; GtkListStore *model; GtkTreeIter iter; GtkCellRenderer *cell; GtkTreeViewColumn *column; int i; /* 创建一个新的滚动窗口(scrolled window),只有需要时,滚动条才出现 */ scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL); gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC); model = gtk_list_store_new (1, G_TYPE_STRING); tree_view = gtk_tree_view_new (); gtk_scrolled_window_add_with_viewport (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), tree_view); gtk_tree_view_set_model (GTK_TREE_VIEW (tree_view), GTK_TREE_MODEL (model)); gtk_widget_show (tree_view); /* 在窗口中添加一些消息 */ for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) { gchar *msg = g_strdup_printf ("Message #%d", i); gtk_list_store_append (GTK_LIST_STORE (model), &iter); gtk_list_store_set (GTK_LIST_STORE (model), &iter, 0, msg, -1); g_free (msg); } cell = gtk_cell_renderer_text_new (); column = gtk_tree_view_column_new_with_attributes ("Messages", cell, "text", 0, NULL); gtk_tree_view_append_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (tree_view), GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column)); return scrolled_window; } /* 向文本构件中添加一些文本 - 这是当窗口被实例化(realized)时调用的回调函数。 * 我们也可以用 gtk_widget_realize 强行将窗口实例化,但这必须在它的层次关系 * 确定后(be part of a hierarchy)才行。 */ // 译者注: 构件的层次关系就是其 parent 被确定。将一个子构件加到一个容器中 // 时,其 parent 就是这个容器。层次关系被确定要求,其 parent 的 parent...也 // 确定了。顶级窗口可以不要 parent。只是我的经验理解。 void insert_text (GtkTextBuffer *buffer) { GtkTextIter iter; gtk_text_buffer_get_iter_at_offset (buffer, &iter, 0); gtk_text_buffer_insert (buffer, &iter, "From: pathfinder@nasa.gov\n" "To: mom@nasa.gov\n" "Subject: Made it!\n" "\n" "We just got in this morning. The weather has been\n" "great - clear but cold, and there are lots of fun sights.\n" "Sojourner says hi. See you soon.\n" " -Path\n", -1); } /* 创建一个滚动文本区域,用于显示一个"信息" */ GtkWidget *create_text( void ) { GtkWidget *scrolled_window; GtkWidget *view; GtkTextBuffer *buffer; view = gtk_text_view_new (); buffer = gtk_text_view_get_buffer (GTK_TEXT_VIEW (view)); scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL); gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (scrolled_window), view); insert_text (buffer); gtk_widget_show_all (scrolled_window); return scrolled_window; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *vpaned; GtkWidget *list; GtkWidget *text; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Paned Windows"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 450, 400); /* 在顶级窗口上添加一个垂直分栏窗口构件 */ vpaned = gtk_hpaned_new (); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vpaned); gtk_widget_show (vpaned); /* 在分栏窗口的两部分各添加一些构件 */ list = create_list (); gtk_paned_add1 (GTK_PANED (vpaned), list); gtk_widget_show (list); text = create_text (); gtk_paned_add2 (GTK_PANED (vpaned), text); gtk_widget_show (text); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

又一个例子：滚动窗口中放按钮

#include <stdio.h> #include <gtk/gtk.h> void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { static GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *scrolled_window; GtkWidget *table; GtkWidget *button; char buffer[32]; int i, j; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 创建一个新的对话框窗口,滚动窗口就放在这个窗口上 */ window = gtk_dialog_new (); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GtkScrolledWindow example"); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 0); gtk_widget_set_size_request (window, 300, 300); /* 创建一个新的滚动窗口。 */ scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (scrolled_window), 10); /* 滚动条的出现方式可以是 GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC 或 GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS。 * 设为 GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC 将自动决定是否需要出现滚动条 * 而设为 GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS,将一直显示一个滚动条 * 第一个是设置水平滚动条,第二个是垂直滚动条 */ gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS); /* 对话框窗口内部包含一个 vbox 构件 */ gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (GTK_DIALOG(window)->vbox), scrolled_window, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (scrolled_window); /* 创建一个包含 10×10 个格子的表格 */ table = gtk_table_new (10, 10, FALSE); /* 设置 x 和 y 方向的行间间距为 10 像素 */ gtk_table_set_row_spacings (GTK_TABLE (table), 10); gtk_table_set_col_spacings (GTK_TABLE (table), 10); /* 将表格组装到滚动窗口中 */ gtk_scrolled_window_add_with_viewport ( GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), table); gtk_widget_show (table); /* 简单地在表格中添加许多开关按钮以展示滚动窗口 */ for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) { sprintf (buffer, "button (%d,%d)\n", i, j); button = gtk_toggle_button_new_with_label (buffer); gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, i, i+1, j, j+1); gtk_widget_show (button); } /* 在对话框的底部添加一个"close"按钮 */ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close"); g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window); /* 让按钮能被缺省 */ GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (GTK_DIALOG (window)->action_area), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); /* 将按钮固定为缺省按钮,只要按回车键就相当于点击了这个按钮 */ gtk_widget_grab_default (button); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main(); return 0; }

22.按钮盒子：button box

#include <gtk/gtk.h> /* 用指定的参数创建一个按钮盒 */ GtkWidget *create_bbox( gint horizontal, char *title, gint spacing, gint child_w, gint child_h, gint layout ) { GtkWidget *frame; GtkWidget *bbox; GtkWidget *button; frame = gtk_frame_new (title); if (horizontal) bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new (); else bbox = gtk_vbutton_box_new (); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), 5); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), bbox); /* 设置按钮盒的外观 */ gtk_button_box_set_layout (GTK_BUTTON_BOX (bbox), layout); gtk_box_set_spacing (GTK_BOX (bbox), spacing); /*gtk_button_box_set_child_size (GTK_BUTTON_BOX (bbox), child_w, child_h);*/ button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_OK); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button); button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_CANCEL); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button); button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_HELP); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button); return frame; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { static GtkWidget* window = NULL; GtkWidget *main_vbox; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *hbox; GtkWidget *frame_horz; GtkWidget *frame_vert; /* 初始化 */ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Button Boxes"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); main_vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), main_vbox); frame_horz = gtk_frame_new ("Horizontal Button Boxes"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (main_vbox), frame_horz, TRUE, TRUE, 10); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 10); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame_horz), vbox); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), create_bbox (TRUE, "Spread (spacing 40)", 40, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_SPREAD), TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), create_bbox (TRUE, "Edge (spacing 30)", 30, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_EDGE), TRUE, TRUE, 5); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), create_bbox (TRUE, "Start (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_START), TRUE, TRUE, 5); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), create_bbox (TRUE, "End (spacing 10)", 10, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_END), TRUE, TRUE, 5); frame_vert = gtk_frame_new ("Vertical Button Boxes"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (main_vbox), frame_vert, TRUE, TRUE, 10); hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (hbox), 10); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame_vert), hbox); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Spread (spacing 5)", 5, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_SPREAD), TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Edge (spacing 30)", 30, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_EDGE), TRUE, TRUE, 5); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Start (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_START), TRUE, TRUE, 5); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "End (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_END), TRUE, TRUE, 5); gtk_widget_show_all (window); /* 进入事件循环 */ gtk_main (); return 0; }

23.在aspect_frame中显示一个图片

#include <gtk/gtk.h> #define pixmap GdkPixmap #define pixbuf GdkPixmap void hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data ); } gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data ) { g_print ("delete event occurred\n"); return FALSE; } void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *draw; GtkWidget *frame; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); frame = gtk_aspect_frame_new ("image:",0.5, 0.1,1, FALSE); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), frame); draw = gtk_drawing_area_new(); gtk_widget_set_size_request (draw, 800, 600); draw = gtk_image_new_from_file("batman.jpg"); // g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (draw), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (expose_event), NULL); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), draw); gtk_widget_show_all (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

显示动态图：直接引用GIF，用多张图片显示动图效果

/* 简单的动画 gif.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> static GtkWidget *ourgif ; static gchar *bmpfile[4] = {"l.bmp","r.bmp","u.bmp","d.bmp" }; gint i = 0 ; void change_bmp () { //依次更改图像实现动态效果 gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(ourgif),bmpfile[i]); i++ ; if ( i == 4 ) i = 0 ; } int main ( int argc , char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *hbox; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *image; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"简单的动画"); //gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox); label = gtk_label_new("直接引用GIF动画"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5); image = gtk_image_new_from_file("a.gif"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5); label = gtk_label_new("四幅静态的图像"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5); hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5); image = gtk_image_new_from_file("l.bmp"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5); image = gtk_image_new_from_file("r.bmp"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5); image = gtk_image_new_from_file("u.bmp"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5); image = gtk_image_new_from_file("d.bmp"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5); label = gtk_label_new("通过时钟控制的动画"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5); ourgif = gtk_image_new_from_file("p1.bmp"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),ourgif,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_timeout_add(150,(GtkFunction)change_bmp,NULL); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

24.画图接口：gdk_draw_arc，gdk_draw_rectangle

#include <gtk/gtk.h> static void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { gtk_main_quit (); } static gboolean my_expose( GtkWidget *da, GdkEventExpose *event, gpointer data ) { GdkGC *gc1, *gc2, *gc; /*gc1为矩形，gc2为文字*/ GdkColor color; gc1 = gdk_gc_new( da->window ); color.red = 10000; color.green = 20000; color.blue = 30000; gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color(gc1, &color ); gc2 = gdk_gc_new( da->window ); color.red = 1; color.green = 2; color.blue = 3; gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color( gc2, &color ); gc = gc1; gdk_draw_rectangle( da->window, gc, TRUE,//fill or not 50, 50, 100, 100 ); /*（fx、fz、dx、dz）*/ gc = gc2; gdk_draw_arc( da->window, gc, TRUE, //fill or not 50, 50, 100, 100, 0, 270 * 64 ); /*（fx、fz、dx、dz、0、arc）*/ PangoLayout *layout = gtk_widget_create_pango_layout( da, "This is a cube \nand a circle." ); PangoFontDescription *fontdesc = pango_font_description_from_string( "Luxi Mono 8" ); pango_layout_set_font_description( layout, fontdesc ); gdk_draw_layout( da->window, gc1, 50, 155, layout ); pango_font_description_free( fontdesc ); g_object_unref( layout ); g_object_unref( G_OBJECT(gc1) ); g_object_unref( G_OBJECT(gc2) ); return TRUE; } int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *da; //drawing area gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect( G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL ); da = gtk_drawing_area_new (); /* set a minimum size */ gtk_widget_set_size_request( da, 200, 200 ); gtk_container_add( GTK_CONTAINER(window), da ); g_signal_connect( da, "expose_event", G_CALLBACK(my_expose), NULL ); gtk_widget_show_all( window ); //simply show all widgets gtk_main(); return 0; }

25.文本文件编辑gtk_text_view_new

#include <gtk/gtk.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<math.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> GtkWidget *text_view; GtkTextBuffer *buffer; GtkTextIter *Iter; void button_event(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer *data) { const gchar *text={"How are you!\n"}; GtkTextIter start,end; gtk_text_buffer_get_bounds(GTK_TEXT_BUFFER(buffer),&start,&end); gtk_text_buffer_insert(GTK_TEXT_BUFFER(buffer),&end,text,strlen(text)); } int main(int argc,char *argv[ ]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *box; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,400,300); g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); box=gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); text_view=gtk_text_view_new(); gtk_widget_set_size_request(text_view,400,250); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),text_view,FALSE,FALSE,0); buffer=gtk_text_view_get_buffer(GTK_TEXT_VIEW(text_view)); button=gtk_button_new_with_label("sure"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(button),"clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(button_event),NULL); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); }

26.菜单/工具栏：gtk_menu_new

/* 添加菜单 menu.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> void on_menu_activate (GtkMenuItem* item,gpointer data) { //g_print("菜单项 %s 被激活\n",(gchar*)data); g_print("Menuitem %s is pressed.\n",(gchar*)data); } int main (int argc, char* argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* menubar; GtkWidget* menu; GtkWidget* editmenu; GtkWidget* helpmenu; GtkWidget* rootmenu; GtkWidget* menuitem; GtkAccelGroup* accel_group ; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,400,300); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"菜单测试程序"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); accel_group = gtk_accel_group_new(); gtk_window_add_accel_group(GTK_WINDOW(window),accel_group);// AccelGroup box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); menu = gtk_menu_new();//文件菜单 menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_NEW,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("新建")); (gpointer)("New")); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_OPEN,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("打开")); (gpointer)("Open")); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_SAVE,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("保存")); (gpointer)("Save")); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_SAVE_AS,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("另存为")); (gpointer)("Save As")); menuitem = gtk_separator_menu_item_new(); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_QUIT,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("退出")); (gpointer)("Exit")); rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 "); gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu); menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new(); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu); rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 编辑 "); editmenu = gtk_menu_new();//编辑菜单 menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_CUT,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("剪切")); (gpointer)("Cut")); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_COPY,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("复制")); (gpointer)("Copy")); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_PASTE,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("粘贴")); (gpointer)("Paste")); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_FIND,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("查找")); (gpointer)("Search")); gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),editmenu); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu); rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 帮助 "); helpmenu = gtk_menu_new(); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_HELP,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("帮助")); (gpointer)("Help")); menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 关于... "); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("关于")); (gpointer)("About")); gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),helpmenu); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),menubar,FALSE,FALSE,0); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

27.工具栏/条：gtk_toolbar_new

/* 添加工具条 toolbar.c*/ #include <gtk/gtk.h> void on_button_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data) { g_print("你点击的按钮是 %s \n",(gchar*)data); } int main (int argc, char* argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* box ; GtkWidget* toolbar ; GtkWidget* entry ; GtkWidget* label ; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,700,100); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"添加工具条"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new(); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_NEW, "新建一个文件","新建", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked), (gpointer)("新建"),-1); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_OPEN, "打开一个文件","打开", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked), (gpointer)("打开"),-1); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_SAVE, "保存当前文件","保存", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked), (gpointer)("保存"),-1); gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar)); label = gtk_label_new(" 文件名："); gtk_toolbar_append_widget(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),label, "这是一个标签","标签"); entry = gtk_entry_new(); gtk_toolbar_append_widget(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),entry, "这是一个录入条","录入"); gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar)); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_CUT, "剪切","剪切", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked), (gpointer)("剪切"),-1); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_COPY, "复制","复制", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked), (gpointer)("复制"),-1); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_PASTE, "粘贴","粘贴", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked), (gpointer)("粘贴"),-1); gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar)); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_QUIT, "退出","退出", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked), (gpointer)("退出"),-1); gtk_toolbar_set_style(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_TOOLBAR_ICONS); gtk_toolbar_set_icon_size(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), GTK_ICON_SIZE_SMALL_TOOLBAR); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),toolbar,FALSE,FALSE,0); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

28.浮动的工具条的菜单

/* 浮动的工具条和菜单 handle.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> //创建自己按钮的函数 GtkWidget* create_button (char *filename) { GtkWidget* image; GtkWidget* button; image = gtk_image_new_from_file(filename) ; gtk_widget_show(image); button = gtk_button_new(); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),image) ; return button ; } //主函数 int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* vbox; GtkWidget* hbox; GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* box1; GtkWidget* handle; GtkWidget* handle1; GtkWidget* menubar; GtkWidget* button1; GtkWidget* button2; GtkWidget* button3; GtkWidget* button4; GtkWidget* menu; GtkWidget* menuitem; GtkWidget* rootmenu; GtkTooltips* button_tips; char* title = "浮动的工具条和菜单"; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),5); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox); hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5); handle = gtk_handle_box_new(); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),handle,FALSE,FALSE,5); box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(handle),box); button1 = create_button("win7.jpg") ; gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,3); button2 = create_button("dir.jpg"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,3); button3 = create_button("save.gif"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,3); button4 = create_button("quit.gif"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,3); button_tips = gtk_tooltips_new(); gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button1, "创建一个新文件","New"); gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button2, "打开文件","Open"); gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button3, "保存当前编辑的文件","Save"); gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button4, "退出此程序","Quit"); handle1 = gtk_handle_box_new(); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),handle1,FALSE,FALSE,5); box1 = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(handle1),box1); menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new(); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),menubar,FALSE,FALSE,5); menu = gtk_menu_new(); menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label("菜单项一"); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label("菜单项二"); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 "); gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE ; }

29.一个文本编辑器：包含menu，toolbar，statusbar

// A app // ///a ///a ///a ///a /*a 回调函数文件 callbacks.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> gboolean on_window_delete_event (GtkWidget* widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data) { gtk_main_quit(); return FALSE; } void on_file_new_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data) { g_print("the file_new is clicked .\n"); } void on_file_open_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data) { } void on_file_save_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data) { } void on_file_saveas_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data) { } void on_file_exit_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data) { } void on_edit_cut_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data) { } void on_edit_copy_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data) { } void on_edit_paste_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data) { } void on_edit_selectall_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data) { } void on_edit_find_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data) { } void on_help_help_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data) { } void on_help_about_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data) { } ///a ///a ///a ///a /* 界面代码文件 interface.c */ //#include <gtk/gtk.h> //#include "callbacks.h" GtkWidget* create_menu (GtkAccelGroup* accel_group,GtkWidget *window); GtkWidget* create_toolbar (GtkWidget* window); GtkWidget* create_window (void) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* text; GtkWidget* scrolledwin; GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* statusbar; GtkWidget* menubar ; GtkWidget* toolbar ; GtkAccelGroup* accel_group ; window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"完整的应用程序窗口"); gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),400,300); accel_group = gtk_accel_group_new(); gtk_window_add_accel_group(GTK_WINDOW(window),accel_group); box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box); menubar = create_menu(accel_group,window); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),menubar,0,0,0); toolbar = create_toolbar(window); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),toolbar,0,1,0); scrolledwin = gtk_scrolled_window_new(NULL,NULL); text = gtk_text_view_new(); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),scrolledwin,TRUE,TRUE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(scrolledwin),text); gtk_text_view_set_editable(GTK_TEXT_VIEW(text),TRUE); statusbar = gtk_statusbar_new(); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),statusbar,FALSE,FALSE,0); gtk_widget_show_all(window); return window; } GtkWidget* create_menu (GtkAccelGroup* accel_group,GtkWidget *window) { GtkWidget* menubar; GtkWidget* menu; GtkWidget* editmenu; GtkWidget* helpmenu; GtkWidget* rootmenu; GtkWidget* menuitem; menu = gtk_menu_new();//文件菜单 menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_NEW,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_file_new_activate),NULL); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_OPEN,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_file_new_activate),NULL); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_SAVE,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_SAVE_AS,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); menuitem = gtk_separator_menu_item_new(); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_QUIT,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_window_delete_event),NULL); rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 "); gtk_widget_show(rootmenu); gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu); menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new(); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu); rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 编辑 "); editmenu = gtk_menu_new();//编辑菜单 menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_CUT,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_edit_cut_activate),NULL); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_COPY,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_edit_copy_activate),NULL); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_PASTE,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_edit_paste_activate),NULL); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_FIND,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_edit_find_activate),NULL); gtk_widget_show(rootmenu); gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),editmenu); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu); rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 帮助 "); helpmenu = gtk_menu_new(); menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_HELP,accel_group); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_help_help_activate),NULL); menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 关于 "); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate", G_CALLBACK(on_help_about_activate),NULL); gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),helpmenu); gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu); return menubar ; } GtkWidget* create_toolbar (GtkWidget* window) { GtkWidget* toolbar ; toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new(); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), GTK_STOCK_NEW, "创建一个新文件","新建", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_new_activate), window,-1); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), GTK_STOCK_OPEN, "打开一个文件","打开", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_open_activate), toolbar,-1); gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), GTK_STOCK_SAVE, "保存当前文件","保存", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_save_activate), toolbar,-1); return toolbar; } ///a ///a ///a ///a /* 主函数文件 main.c*/ //#include <gtk/gtk.h> //#include "callbacks.h" //#include "interface.h" int main (int argc , gchar* argv[]) { GtkWidget * window ; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = create_window(); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event", G_CALLBACK(on_window_delete_event),NULL); gtk_widget_show(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

30.模拟90坦克游戏：在frame中移动一个图片，键盘控制走向

/* 坦克游戏 tank.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> #include <gdk/gdkkeysyms.h> enum _FORWARD { LEFT, UP, RIGHT, DOWN } ; typedef enum _FORWARD Forward; //定义方向类型 void move (Forward fw); void key_press (GtkWidget* widget,GdkEventKey *event,gpointer data); static gchar* tank_file[4] = {"u.bmp","r.bmp","d.bmp","l.bmp"}; static GtkWidget *fixed; static GtkWidget *tank_image; gint i = 75 ; gint j = 75 ; Forward forward = UP ;//定义方向 void move (Forward fw) { switch(fw) { case UP : j = j - 5 ; if ( j < 0 ) j = 400 ; gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[0]); gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j); break; case DOWN : j = j + 5; if ( j > 400 ) j = 0 ; gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[2]); gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j); break; case LEFT : i = i - 5; if ( i < 0 ) i = 400 ; gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[3]); gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j); break; case RIGHT : i = i + 5; if ( i > 400 ) i = 0 ; gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[1]); gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j); break; } } void key_press (GtkWidget* widget,GdkEventKey *event,gpointer data) { switch(event->keyval) { case GDK_Up : forward = UP; move(forward); break; case GDK_Down : forward = DOWN; move(forward); break; case GDK_Left : forward = LEFT; move(forward); break; case GDK_Right : forward = RIGHT; move(forward); break; } } //主函数 int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* vbox; GtkWidget* bbox; GtkWidget* sep; GtkWidget* frame; GtkWidget* button; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"坦克游戏"); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"key_press_event", G_CALLBACK(key_press),NULL);keyboard input vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox); frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL); gtk_frame_set_shadow_type(GTK_FRAME(frame),GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT); fixed = gtk_fixed_new(); gtk_fixed_set_has_window(GTK_FIXED(fixed),TRUE); gtk_widget_set_size_request(fixed,400,400); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),fixed); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,TRUE,TRUE,5); sep = gtk_hseparator_new(); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),sep,FALSE,FALSE,5); bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new(); gtk_button_box_set_layout(GTK_BUTTON_BOX(bbox),GTK_BUTTONBOX_END); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),bbox,FALSE,FALSE,5); button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_QUIT); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_box_pack_end(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5); tank_image = gtk_image_new_from_file(tank_file[0]); gtk_fixed_put(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE ; }

31.pixmap：

网址：https://developer.gimp.org/api/2.0/gdk-pixbuf/gdk-pixbuf-creating.html

我暂时没找到一个pixmap的图像，等找到以后在更新

/* 图像的直接引用 pixmap.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> #include "a.h" //这里买年包含了一个pixmap图像 int main ( int argc , char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *frame; GtkWidget *image; GdkPixbuf *pixbuf; GdkPixbuf *pix1,*pix2,*pix3; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"图像的直接引用"); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox); pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file("b.png",NULL); frame = gtk_frame_new("这是一幅完整的图像"); image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pixbuf); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image); pix1 = gdk_pixbuf_new_subpixbuf(pixbuf,280,40,40,40); frame = gtk_frame_new("从上图中分割出来的一幅图像"); image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix1); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5); pix2 =gdk_pixbuf_new_from_inline(22400+24,pieces_inline,TRUE,NULL); frame = gtk_frame_new("内建的一幅图像"); image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix2); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5); pix3 = gdk_pixbuf_new_subpixbuf(pix2,120,20,20,20); frame = gtk_frame_new("从内建图像中分割出来的一幅图像"); image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix3); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

32.固定调节数值的按钮:gtk_spin_button_new_with_range

/* 滚动按钮 spin.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> int main (int argc, char* argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* vbox; GtkWidget* frame; GtkWidget* spin; GtkWidget* label; GtkWidget* vvbox; GtkWidget *hbox,*vbox1,*vbox2,*vbox3; GtkAdjustment* adj1; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"滚动按钮"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox); frame = gtk_frame_new("日历"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5); hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),hbox); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(hbox),10); vbox1 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox1,TRUE,TRUE,5); label = gtk_label_new("年："); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox1),label,FALSE,FALSE,2); spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(2019,2100,1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox1),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2); vbox2 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox2,TRUE,TRUE,5); label = gtk_label_new("月："); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox2),label,FALSE,FALSE,2); spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(1,12,1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox2),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2); vbox3 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox3,TRUE,TRUE,5); label = gtk_label_new("日："); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox3),label,FALSE,FALSE,2); spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(1,31,1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox3),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2); frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5); vvbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),vvbox); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(vvbox),10); label = gtk_label_new("第一个滚动按钮,\n显示整数,范围: 0 - 100"); adj1 = (GtkAdjustment *) gtk_adjustment_new (50.0, 0.0, 100.0, 1.0, 5.0, 5.0); spin = gtk_spin_button_new(adj1,5,1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),spin,FALSE,FALSE,3); label = gtk_label_new("第二个滚动按钮,\n显示浮点数,范围: 0.1 - 1.50"); spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(0,9.9,0.1); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),spin,FALSE,FALSE,3); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

33.分隔面板：gtk_hpanel_new，gtk_vpanel_new（未编译）

/* 分隔面板 panel.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> int main (int argc, char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *panel; GtkWidget *panel1; GtkWidget *button1; GtkWidget *button2; GtkWidget *button3; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"分隔面板测试程序"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); panel = gtk_hpanel_new(); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),panel); gtk_widget_show(panel); button1 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮一"); gtk_panel_add1(GTK_PANEL(panel),button1); gtk_widget_show(button1); panel1 = gtk_vpanel_new(); gtk_panel_add2(GTK_PANEL(panel),panel1); gtk_widget_show(panel1); button2 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮二"); gtk_panel_add1(GTK_PANEL(panel1),button2); gtk_widget_show(button2); button3 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮三"); gtk_panel_add2(GTK_PANEL(panel1),button3); gtk_widget_show(button3); gtk_widget_show(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

34.会话窗口：gtk_button_new_from_stock

共四种：

GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_INFO，

GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_ERROR，

GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_QUESTION，

GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_WARNING

/* 消息对话框测试程序 message.c*/ #include <gtk/gtk.h> static void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget* button,gint data) { GtkWidget* dialog ; GtkMessageType type ; gchar *message; switch((int)data) { case 1 : message = "这是一个信息提示对话框．"; type = GTK_MESSAGE_INFO ; break; case 2 : message = "这是一个错误提示对话框．"; type = GTK_MESSAGE_ERROR ; break; case 3 : message = "这是一个问题提示对话框．"; type = GTK_MESSAGE_QUESTION ; break; case 4 : message = "这是一个警告提示对话框．"; type = GTK_MESSAGE_WARNING ; break; } // dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(NULL, GTK_DIALOG_MODAL | GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT, type , GTK_BUTTONS_OK, message); gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); gtk_widget_destroy(dialog); } int main (int argc, char* argv[]) { GtkWidget* window; GtkWidget* frame; GtkWidget* box; GtkWidget* button1; GtkWidget* button2; GtkWidget* button3; GtkWidget* button4; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"创建消息框"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20); frame = gtk_frame_new("四种消息对话框："); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),frame); box = gtk_hbox_new(TRUE,0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),20); button1= gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_INFO); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)1); button2 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_ERROR); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,5); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button2),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)2); button3 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_QUESTION); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,5); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button3),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)3); button4 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_WARNING); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,5); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button4),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)4); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

35.字体选择：gtk_font_selection_dialog_new

/* 选择字体 fontsel.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> void on_font_select_ok (GtkWidget *button,GtkFontSelectionDialog *fs) { GtkWidget *dialog; gchar message[1024]; gchar *s = gtk_font_selection_dialog_get_font_name(fs); sprintf(message,"你选择的字体是：%s \n",s); dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(NULL, GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT, GTK_MESSAGE_INFO, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, message, NULL); g_free(s); gtk_widget_destroy(GTK_WIDGET(fs)); gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); gtk_widget_destroy(dialog); } void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget *button,gpointer userdata) { GtkWidget* dialog ; dialog = gtk_font_selection_dialog_new("请选择一种字体："); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(dialog),"destroy", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_widget_destroy),&dialog); gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)->ok_button), "clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_font_select_ok), GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)); gtk_signal_connect_object(GTK_OBJECT(GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)->cancel_button), "clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_widget_destroy), GTK_OBJECT(dialog)); gtk_widget_show(dialog); } int main ( int argc , char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *button; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"字体选择功能实现"); gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),500,100); //gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),40); button = gtk_button_new_with_label("按下此按钮来选择字体"); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked", G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),button); gtk_widget_show(button); gtk_widget_show(window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

36.几个画图的骚操作：gtk_drawing_area_new

先给出三个例子的效果：

代码1效果

代码2效果

代码3效果

代码1

/* 绘图软件 brush.c */ #include <gtk/gtk.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> static GtkWidget *window = NULL; static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL; char FN[250]={"layer.txt"}; int nx=300; int nz=300; static gboolean scribble_configure_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventConfigure *event,gpointer data) { if (pixmap) g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (pixmap)); pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new (widget->window, widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height,-1); gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->white_gc, TRUE,0,0,widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height); return TRUE; } static gboolean scribble_expose_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data) { gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window, widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)], pixmap, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.width, event->area.height); return FALSE; } static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y) { GdkRectangle update_rect; update_rect.x = x - 3; update_rect.y = y - 3; update_rect.width = 6; update_rect.height = 6; gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap, widget->style->black_gc, TRUE, update_rect.x, update_rect.y, update_rect.width, update_rect.height); gdk_window_invalidate_rect (widget->window, &update_rect, FALSE); } static gboolean scribble_button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventButton *event,gpointer data) { if (pixmap == NULL) return FALSE; if (event->button == 1) { draw_brush (widget, event->x, event->y); printf("x=%.2f, z=%.2f\n", event->x, event->y*5.0); } return TRUE; } static gboolean scribble_motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventMotion *event,gpointer data) { int x, y; GdkModifierType state; if (pixmap == NULL) return FALSE; gdk_window_get_pointer (event->window, &x, &y, &state); if (state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK) draw_brush (widget, x, y); return TRUE; } static gboolean checkerboard_expose (GtkWidget *da, GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data) { gint i, j, xcount, ycount; GdkGC *gc1, *gc2; GdkColor color; #define CHECK_SIZE 10 #define SPACING 2 gc1 = gdk_gc_new (da->window); color.red = 30000; color.green = 0; color.blue = 30000; gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc1, &color); gc2 = gdk_gc_new (da->window); color.red = 65535; color.green = 65535; color.blue = 65535; gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc2, &color); xcount = 0; i = SPACING; while (i < da->allocation.width) { j = SPACING; ycount = xcount % 2; while (j < da->allocation.height) { GdkGC *gc; if (ycount % 2) gc = gc1; else gc = gc2; gdk_draw_rectangle (da->window, gc, TRUE, i, j, CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_SIZE); j += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING; ++ycount; } i += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING; ++xcount; } g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc1)); g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc2)); return TRUE; } void writeTXT( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data ) { FILE *fp=fopen(FN,"w"); fprintf(fp,"rongtao\n"); fclose(fp); g_print ("Write txt done.\n "); gtk_main_quit (); } int main (int argc,char* argv[]) { GtkWidget *frame; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *da; GtkWidget *label; GtkWidget *button; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "绘图软件"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT(window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 8); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 8); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox); label = gtk_label_new (NULL); gtk_label_set_markup (GTK_LABEL (label),"<u>绘图区域</u>"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL); gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_IN); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, TRUE, TRUE, 0); da = gtk_drawing_area_new (); gtk_widget_set_size_request (da, nx, nz); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), da); g_signal_connect (da, "expose_event", G_CALLBACK (scribble_expose_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (da, "configure_event", G_CALLBACK (scribble_configure_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (da, "motion_notify_event", G_CALLBACK (scribble_motion_notify_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (da, "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK (scribble_button_press_event), NULL); gtk_widget_set_events (da, gtk_widget_get_events (da) | GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK | GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello"); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (writeTXT), NULL); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show_all (window); gtk_main(); return FALSE; }

代码2

#include <gtk/gtk.h> static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL; GdkGC *my_gc_red; GdkColor color; int my_configure_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventConfigure *event) { if(pixmap) g_object_unref(pixmap); pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new(widget->window , widget->allocation.width , widget->allocation.height , -1); gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , widget->style->white_gc , TRUE , 0 , 0 , widget->allocation.width , widget->allocation.height); my_gc_red = gdk_gc_new(widget->window); color.red = 30000; color.green = 0; color.blue = 30000; gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color(my_gc_red , &color); return 0; } int my_expose_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventExpose *event , gpointer data) { gdk_draw_drawable(widget->window , widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE(widget)] , pixmap , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , widget->allocation.width , widget->allocation.height); return 0; } int my_draw(GtkWidget *widget , double x , double y , int type) { switch(type){ case 1: gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , widget->style->black_gc , FALSE , x , y , 10 , 10); gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget , x , y , 10 , 10); break; case 2: gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , my_gc_red , TRUE , x , y , 15 , 15); gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget , x , y , 15 , 15); break; case 3: gdk_draw_line(pixmap , my_gc_red , x , y , x + 15 , y - 15); gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget , x , y - 15 , 15 , 15); break; default: printf("....\n"); break; } return 0; } int my_button_press_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventButton *event) { my_draw(widget , event->x , event->y , event->button); printf("x=%lf y=%lf\n" , event->x , event->y); return 0; } int my_clear(GtkWidget *widget , GtkWidget *area) { gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , area->style->white_gc , TRUE , 0 , 0 , area->allocation.width , area->allocation.height); gtk_widget_queue_draw(area); return 0; } int my_quit(GtkWidget *widget , gpointer data) { gtk_main_quit(); return 0; } int main(int argc , char *argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *drawing_area; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *bt_clear; GtkWidget *bt_quit; gtk_init(&argc , &argv); window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_name(window , "Test drawing_area"); gtk_widget_set_size_request(window , 300 , 200); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , 2); gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(window) , FALSE); vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE , 0); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , vbox); gtk_widget_show(vbox); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window) , "destroy" , G_CALLBACK(my_quit) , NULL); drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new(); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , drawing_area , TRUE , TRUE , 0); gtk_widget_show(drawing_area); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "configure_event" , G_CALLBACK(my_configure_event) , NULL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "expose_event" , G_CALLBACK(my_expose_event) , NULL); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "button_press_event" , G_CALLBACK(my_button_press_event) , NULL); gtk_widget_set_events(drawing_area , GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK); bt_clear = gtk_button_new_with_label("clear"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , bt_clear , FALSE , FALSE , 0); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(bt_clear) , "clicked" , G_CALLBACK(my_clear) , drawing_area); gtk_widget_show(bt_clear); bt_quit = gtk_button_new_with_label("quit"); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , bt_quit , FALSE , FALSE , 0); g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(bt_quit) , "clicked" , G_CALLBACK(my_quit) , window); gtk_widget_show(bt_quit); gtk_widget_show(window); gtk_main(); return 0; }

代码3

/* GTK - The GIMP Toolkit * Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ /* * Modified by the GTK+ Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS * file for a list of people on the GTK+ Team. See the ChangeLog * files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with * GTK+ at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/. */ //#include <config.h> #include <stdio.h> #include "gtk/gtk.h" /* Backing pixmap for drawing area */ static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL; /* Information about cursor */ static gint cursor_proximity = TRUE; static gdouble cursor_x; static gdouble cursor_y; /* Unique ID of current device */ static GdkDevice *current_device; /* Erase the old cursor, and/or draw a new one, if necessary */ static void update_cursor (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y) { static gint cursor_present = 0; gint state = !current_device->has_cursor && cursor_proximity; if (pixmap != NULL) { if (cursor_present && (cursor_present != state || x != cursor_x || y != cursor_y)) { gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window, widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)], pixmap, cursor_x - 5, cursor_y - 5, cursor_x - 5, cursor_y - 5, 10, 10); } cursor_present = state; cursor_x = x; cursor_y = y; if (cursor_present) { gdk_draw_rectangle (widget->window, widget->style->black_gc, TRUE, cursor_x - 5, cursor_y -5, 10, 10); } } } /* Create a new backing pixmap of the appropriate size */ static gint configure_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventConfigure *event) { if (pixmap) g_object_unref (pixmap); pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new(widget->window, widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height, -1); gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap, widget->style->white_gc, TRUE, 0, 0, widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height); return TRUE; } /* Refill the screen from the backing pixmap */ static gint expose_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventExpose *event) { gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window, widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)], pixmap, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.width, event->area.height); return FALSE; } /* Draw a rectangle on the screen, size depending on pressure, and color on the type of device */ static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, GdkInputSource source, gdouble x, gdouble y, gdouble pressure) { GdkGC *gc; GdkRectangle update_rect; switch (source) { case GDK_SOURCE_MOUSE: gc = widget->style->dark_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)]; break; case GDK_SOURCE_PEN: gc = widget->style->black_gc; break; case GDK_SOURCE_ERASER: gc = widget->style->white_gc; break; default: gc = widget->style->light_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)]; } update_rect.x = x - 10 * pressure; update_rect.y = y - 10 * pressure; update_rect.width = 20 * pressure; update_rect.height = 20 * pressure; gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap, gc, TRUE, update_rect.x, update_rect.y, update_rect.width, update_rect.height); gtk_widget_queue_draw_area (widget, update_rect.x, update_rect.y, update_rect.width, update_rect.height); gdk_window_process_updates (widget->window, TRUE); } static guint32 motion_time; static void print_axes (GdkDevice *device, gdouble *axes) { int i; if (axes) { g_print ("%s ", device->name); for (i=0; i<device->num_axes; i++) g_print ("%g ", axes[i]); g_print ("\n"); } } static gint button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventButton *event) { current_device = event->device; cursor_proximity = TRUE; if (event->button == 1 && pixmap != NULL) { gdouble pressure = 0.5; print_axes (event->device, event->axes); gdk_event_get_axis ((GdkEvent *)event, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure); draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, event->x, event->y, pressure); motion_time = event->time; } update_cursor (widget, event->x, event->y); return TRUE; } static gint key_press_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventKey *event) { if ((event->keyval >= 0x20) && (event->keyval <= 0xFF)) printf("I got a %c\n", event->keyval); else printf("I got some other key\n"); return TRUE; } static gint motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventMotion *event) { GdkTimeCoord **events; int n_events; int i; current_device = event->device; cursor_proximity = TRUE; if (event->state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK && pixmap != NULL) { if (gdk_device_get_history (event->device, event->window, motion_time, event->time, &events, &n_events)) { for (i=0; i<n_events; i++) { double x = 0, y = 0, pressure = 0.5; gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_X, &x); gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_Y, &y); gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure); draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, x, y, pressure); print_axes (event->device, events[i]->axes); } gdk_device_free_history (events, n_events); } else { double pressure = 0.5; gdk_event_get_axis ((GdkEvent *)event, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure); draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, event->x, event->y, pressure); } motion_time = event->time; } if (event->is_hint) gdk_device_get_state (event->device, event->window, NULL, NULL); print_axes (event->device, event->axes); update_cursor (widget, event->x, event->y); return TRUE; } /* We track the next two events to know when we need to draw a cursor */ static gint proximity_out_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventProximity *event) { cursor_proximity = FALSE; update_cursor (widget, cursor_x, cursor_y); return TRUE; } static gint leave_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventCrossing *event) { cursor_proximity = FALSE; update_cursor (widget, cursor_x, cursor_y); return TRUE; } void input_dialog_destroy (GtkWidget *w, gpointer data) { *((GtkWidget **)data) = NULL; } void create_input_dialog (void) { static GtkWidget *inputd = NULL; if (!inputd) { inputd = gtk_input_dialog_new (); g_signal_connect (inputd, "destroy", G_CALLBACK (input_dialog_destroy), &inputd); g_signal_connect_swapped (GTK_INPUT_DIALOG (inputd)->close_button, "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_hide), inputd); gtk_widget_hide (GTK_INPUT_DIALOG (inputd)->save_button); gtk_widget_show (inputd); } else { if (!GTK_WIDGET_MAPPED(inputd)) gtk_widget_show(inputd); else gdk_window_raise(inputd->window); } } void quit (void) { gtk_main_quit (); } int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *drawing_area; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *button; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); current_device = gdk_device_get_core_pointer (); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_name (window, "Test Input"); gtk_widget_set_size_request(window , 300 , 320); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , 2); gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(window) , FALSE); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox); gtk_widget_show (vbox); g_signal_connect (window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK (quit), NULL); /* Create the drawing area */ drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new (); gtk_widget_set_size_request (drawing_area, 200, 200); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), drawing_area, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (drawing_area); /* Signals used to handle backing pixmap */ g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "expose_event", G_CALLBACK (expose_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "configure_event", G_CALLBACK (configure_event), NULL); /* Event signals */ g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "motion_notify_event", G_CALLBACK (motion_notify_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK (button_press_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "key_press_event", G_CALLBACK (key_press_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "leave_notify_event", G_CALLBACK (leave_notify_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "proximity_out_event", G_CALLBACK (proximity_out_event), NULL); gtk_widget_set_events (drawing_area, GDK_EXPOSURE_MASK | GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK | GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK | GDK_KEY_PRESS_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK | GDK_PROXIMITY_OUT_MASK); /* The following call enables tracking and processing of extension events for the drawing area */ gtk_widget_set_extension_events (drawing_area, GDK_EXTENSION_EVENTS_ALL); GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (drawing_area, GTK_CAN_FOCUS); gtk_widget_grab_focus (drawing_area); /* .. And create some buttons */ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Input Dialog"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0); g_signal_connect (button, "clicked", G_CALLBACK (create_input_dialog), NULL); gtk_widget_show (button); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0); g_signal_connect_swapped (button, "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

最后寄语

希望在座各位在学习的道路上越走越远，完成从入门到放弃的质的转变。

今天的文章
gtk学习总结：GTK从入门到放弃，三天包教包会分享到此就结束了，感谢您的阅读。

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